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Chapter 14: Q24Q (page 580)

Here is a variant of “charging by induction.” Place two uncharged metal objects so as to touch each other, one behind the other. Call them front object and back object. While you hold a charged comb in front of the front object, your partner moves away the back object (handling it through an insulator so as not to discharge it). Now you move the comb away. Explain this process. Use only labeled diagrams in your explanation (no prose!).

Short Answer

Expert verified

The diagram has been drawn below the front sphere will have electron deficiency and the other one will have a greater number of electrons.

Step by step solution

01

Significance of the charging by induction for the objects

Induction charging is referred to as a method that is used for charging a particular object without keeping in contact with any other charged object to the uncharged object.

The induction charging is beneficial for explaining the process.

02

Explanation of the process by the induction charging

Consider three figures for the process of induction charging where the charge redistribution happens in the three figures.

The diagram of the process has been drawn below:

In figure (1), the neutral spheres are shown. The electrons are travelling from the front to the back sphere by point of contact as shown in figure (2). If the spheres are separated, then the electrons will not return to the front sphere as shown in figure (3). Hence, the front sphere will have electron deficiency and the other one will have a greater number of electrons.

Thus, the diagram has been drawn with the front sphere having electron deficiency and the other one will have a greater number of electrons.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Carbon tetrachloride CCl4is a liquid whose molecules are symmetrical and so are not permanent dipoles, unlike water molecules. Explain briefly how the effect of an external charge on a beaker of water H2Odiffers from its effect on a beaker of CCl4. (Hint: Consider the behavior of the permanent dipole you made out of U and L tapes.)

(a)The positively charged particle shown in diagram 1 in Figure 14.94 creates an electric field \({{\bf{\vec E}}_{\bf{p}}}\) at location A. Which of the arrows (a–j) in Figure 14.94 best indicates the direction of \({{\bf{\vec E}}_{\bf{p}}}\) at location A?

(b)Now a block of metal is placed in the location shown in diagram 2 in Figure 14.94. Which of the arrows (a–j) in Figure 14.94 best indicates the direction of the electric field \({{\bf{\vec E}}_{\bf{m}}}\) at location Adue only to the charges in and/or on the metal block?

(c)\(\left| {{{{\bf{\vec E}}}_{\bf{p}}}} \right|\)is greater than \(\left| {{{{\bf{\vec E}}}_{\bf{m}}}} \right|\). With the metal block still in place, which of the arrows (a–j) in Figure 14.94 best indicates the direction of the net electric field at location A?

(d)With the metal block still in place, which of the following statements about the magnitude of \({{\bf{\vec E}}_{\bf{p}}}\), the field due only to the charged particle, is correct?

(1) \(\left| {{{{\bf{\vec E}}}_{\bf{p}}}} \right|\)is less than it was originally, because the block is in the way.

(2) \(\left| {{{{\bf{\vec E}}}_{\bf{p}}}} \right|\)is the same as it was originally, without the block.

(3) \(\left| {{{{\bf{\vec E}}}_{\bf{p}}}} \right|\)is zero, because the electric field due to the particle can’t go through the block.

(e)With the metal block still in place, how does the magnitude of\({{\bf{\vec E}}_{{\bf{net}}}}\) at location Acompare to the magnitude of \({{\bf{\vec E}}_{\bf{p}}}\)?

(f)Which of the arrows (a–j) in Figure 14.94 best indicates the direction of the net electric field at the center of the metal block (inside the metal)?

A point charge of 3×10−9 Cis located at the origin.

(a) What is the magnitude of the electric field at location ⟨0.2,0,0⟩ m?

(b) Next, a short, straight, thin copper wire 3 mmlong is placed along the x axis with its center at location ⟨0.1,0,0⟩ m. What is the approximate change in the magnitude of the electric field at location ⟨0.2,0,0⟩ m?

(c) Does the magnitude of the electric field at location ⟨0.2,0,0⟩ m increase or decrease as a result of placing the copper wire between this location and the point charge?

(d) Does the copper metal block the electric field contributed by the point charge?

You place a neutral block of nickel near a small glass sphere that has a charge of 2×10-8Cuniformly distributed over its surface, as shown in Figure 14.92.


(a) About how long do you have to wait to make sure that the mobile electron sea inside the nickel block has reached equilibrium? (1) Less than a nanosecond (1×10-9s), (2) Several hours, (3) About 1s, (4) About 10min(b) In equilibrium, what is the average drift speed of the mobile electrons inside the nickel block? (1) About 1×105m/s, (2) About 1×10-5m/s, (3) 0m/s(c) In the equation v¯=uE, what is the meaning of the symbol u? (1) The density of mobile electrons inside the metal, in localid="1657175774793" electrons/m3, (2) The mobility of an electron inside the metal, in m/s/N/C, (3) The time it takes a block of metal to reach equilibrium, in seconds

Figure 14.69 shows a neutral, solid piece of metal placed near two points charges. Copy this diagram.

(a) On your diagram, show the polarization of the piece of metal.

(b) Then, at location A inside the solid piece of metal, carefully draw and label three vectors: (1) E→1, the electric field due to -q1; (2) E→2, the electric field due to +q2; (3) E→3, the electric field due to all of the charges on the metal.

(c) Explain briefly why you drew the vectors the way you did.
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