Which statements about a neutral atom are correct? Select all that apply. (1) A neutral atom is composed of positively and negatively charged particles. (2) The positively charged particles in the nucleus are positrons. (3) The electrons are attracted to the positively charged nucleus. (4) Positively charged protons are located in the tiny, massive nucleus. (5) The radius of the electron cloud is twice as large as the radius of the nucleus. (6) The negatively charged electrons are spread out in a "cloud" around the nucleus.

Short Answer

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Answer

The statement 1, 3, 4 and 6 are correct.

Step by step solution

01

Significance of the neutral atom

When an atom has equal numbers of electrons and protons, the electric charge of that atom is zero, so it is said to be a neutral atom.

02

Determination of the correct statement

Statement 2 states that the positively charged particles in the nucleus are positrons. However, this statement is incorrect as the positively charged particles are protons.

Statement 5 states that the radius of the electron cloud is twice as large as the radius of the nucleus. This statement is incorrect as the electron cloud’s radius is abouttimes of the nucleus’ radius.

Statement 1 states that a neutral atom consists of positive and negative charged particles. This statement is correct as both the protons and electrons are there in the neutral atom.

Statement 3 states that the electrons are attracted to the positively charged nucleus. This statement is correct as the electrons are negatively charged; they get attracted to the positively charged particles due to the law of attraction.

Statement 4 states that the positively charged protons are located in the tiny, massive nucleus. This statement is correct as the protons and the electrons are inside the nucleus.

Statement 6 states that the negatively charged electrons are spread out in a “cloud” around the nucleus. The statement is correct as the electrons and the protons makes a cloud around the nucleus.

Thus, the statement 1, 3, 4 and 6 are correct.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Can you charge a piece of plastic by induction? Explain, using diagram. Compare with the amount of charging obtained when you charge a piece of metal by induction.

You run your finger along the slick side of a positively charged tape, and then observe that the tape is no longer attracted to your hand. Which of the following are not plausible explanations for this observation? Check all that apply. (1) Sodium ions (Na+) from the salt water on your skin move onto the tape, leaving the tape with a zero (or very small) net charge. (2) Electrons from the mobile electron sea in your hand move onto the tape, leaving the tape with a zero (or very small) net charge. (3) Chloride ions (CI-) from the salt water on your skin move onto the tape, leaving the tape with a zero (or very small) net charge. (4) Protons are pulled out of the nuclei of atoms in the tape and move onto your finger.

The diagrams in Figure 14.98 show a sequence of events involving a small lightweight aluminum ball that is suspended from a cotton thread. In order to get enough information, you will need to read through the entire sequence of events described below before beginning to answer the questions. Before trying to select answers, you will need to draw your own diagrams showing the charge state of each object in each situation. (a) A small, lightweight aluminum ball hangs from a cotton thread. You touch the ball briefly with your fingers, then release it (Diagram 1 in Figure 14.98). Which of the diagrams in Figure 14.99 best shows the distribution of charge in and/or on the ball at this moment, using the diagrammatic conventions discussed in this chapter? (b) A block of metal that is known to be charged is now moved near the ball (Diagram 2 in Figure 14.98). The ball starts to swing toward the block of metal, as shown in Diagram 3 in Figure 14.98. Remember to read through the whole sequence before answering this question: Which of the diagrams in Figure 14.99 best shows the distribution of charge in and/or on the ball at this moment? (c) The ball briefly touches the charged metal block (Diagram 4 in Figure 14.98). Then the ball swings away from the block and hangs motionless at an angle, as shown in Diagram 5 in Figure 14.98. Which of the diagrams in Figure 14.99 best shows the distribution of charge in and/or on the ball at this moment? (d) Finally, the block is moved far away. A negatively charged rod is brought near the ball. The ball is repelled by the charged rod, as shown in Diagram 6 in Figure 14.98. Which of the diagrams in Figure 14.99 best shows the distribution of charge in and/or on the ball at this moment?

Which of the following are true? Select all that apply. (1) In equilibrium, there is no net flow of mobile charged particles inside a conductor. (2) The electric field from an external charge cannot penetrate to the center of a block of iron. (3) The net electric field inside a block of aluminum is zero under all circumstances. (4) If the net electric field at a particular location inside a piece of metal is not zero, the metal is not in equilibrium. (5) The net electric field at any location inside a block of copper is zero if the copper block is in equilibrium.

A solid plastic ball has negative charge uniformly spread over its surface. Which of the diagrams in Figure 14.85 best shows the polarization of molecules inside the ball?

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