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Chapter 14: Q43P (page 583)
The mobility of ions in water is. If an electric field ofis maintained in the fluid, what is the drift speed of the sodium ions?
The drift speed of the sodium ions is .
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Criticize the following statement: “When you rub your finger along the slick side of a U tape, the excess charges flow onto your finger, and this discharges the tape.” Draw diagrams illustrating a more plausible explanation.
If the distance between a neutral atom and a point charge is doubled, by what factor does the force on the atom by the point charge change?
You run your finger along the slick side of a positively charged tape, and then observe that the tape is no longer attracted to your hand. Which of the following are not plausible explanations for this observation? Check all that apply. (1) Sodium ions () from the salt water on your skin move onto the tape, leaving the tape with a zero (or very small) net charge. (2) Electrons from the mobile electron sea in your hand move onto the tape, leaving the tape with a zero (or very small) net charge. (3) Chloride ions () from the salt water on your skin move onto the tape, leaving the tape with a zero (or very small) net charge. (4) Protons are pulled out of the nuclei of atoms in the tape and move onto your finger.
: A thin, hollow spherical plastic shell of radius \({\bf{R}}\)carries a uniformly distributed negative charge \({\bf{ - Q}}\). A slice through the plastic shell is shown in Figure 14.95. To the left of the spherical shell are four charges packed closely together as shown (the distance \({\bf{s}}\) is shown greatly enlarged for clarity). The distance from the center of the four charges to the center of the plastic shell is \({\bf{L}}\) , which is much larger than \({\bf{s}}\left( {{\bf{L}} \gg {\bf{s}}} \right)\). Remember that a uniformly charged sphere makes an electric field as though all the charge were concentrated at the center of the sphere.
(a)Calculate the \({\bf{x}}\) and \({\bf{y}}\) components of the electric field at location B, a distance \({\bf{b}}\) to the right of the outer surface of the plastic shell. Explain briefly, including showing the electric field on a diagram. Your results should not contain any symbols other than the given quantities \({\bf{R,Q,q,s,L}}\), and \({\bf{b}}\)(and fundamental constants). You need not simplify the final algebraic results except for taking into account the fact that \({\bf{L}} \gg {\bf{s}}\).
(b)What simplifying assumption did you have to make in part (a)?
(c)The plastic shell is removed and replaced by an uncharged metal ball, as in Figure 14.96. At location Ainside the metal ball, a distance \({\bf{b}}\)to the left of the outer surface of the ball, accurately draw and label the electric field\({{\bf{\vec E}}_{{\bf{ball}}}}\) due to the ball charges and the electric field \({{\bf{\vec E}}_{\bf{4}}}\) of the four charges. Explain briefly.
(d)Show the distribution of ball charges.
(e)Calculate the \({\bf{x}}\) and \({\bf{y}}\) components of the net electric field at location A.
A neutral copper block is polarized as shown in Figure 14.90, due to an electric field made by external charges (not shown). Which arrow (a–j) in Figure 14.90 best indicates the direction of the net electric field at location B, which is inside the copper block ?
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