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Chapter 14: Q43P (page 583)
The mobility of ions in water is. If an electric field ofis maintained in the fluid, what is the drift speed of the sodium ions?
The drift speed of the sodium ions is .
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You are wearing shoes with thick rubber soles. You briefly touch a negatively charged metal sphere. Afterward, the sphere seems to have little or no charge. Why? Explain in detail.
A very thin spherical plastic shell of radius carries a uniformly distributed negative charge of on its outer surface (so it makes an electric field as though all the charge were concentrated at the center of the sphere). An uncharged solid metal block is placed nearby. The block is thick, and it is away from the surface of the sphere. See Figure 14.97. (a) Sketch the approximate charge distribution of the neutral solid metal block.
(b) Draw the electric field vector at the center of the metal block that is due solely to the charge distribution you sketched (that is, excluding the contributions of the sphere).
(c) Calculate the magnitude of the electric field vector you drew. Explain briefly. If you must make any approximations, state what they are.
Metal sphere A is charged negatively and then brought near an uncharged metal sphere B (Figure 14.78). Both spheres rest on insulating supports, and the humidity is very low.
(a) Use +’s and −’s to show the approximate distribution of charges on the two spheres. (Hint: Think hard about both spheres, not just B.)
(b) A small, lightweight hollow metal ball, initially uncharged, is suspended from a string and hung between the two spheres (Figure 14.79). It is observed that the ball swings rapidly back and forth hitting one sphere and then the other. This goes on for seconds, but then the ball stops swinging and hangs between the two spheres. Explain in detail, step by step, why the ball swings back and forth and why it finally stops swinging. Your explanation must include good physics diagrams.
A neutral copper block is polarized as shown in Figure 14.90, due to an electric field made by external charges (not shown). Which arrow (a–j) in Figure 14.90 best indicates the direction of the net electric field at location B, which is inside the copper block ?
You observe that a negatively charged plastic pen repels a charged piece of invisible tape. You then observe that the same piece of tape is repelled when brought near a metal sphere. You are wearing rubber-soled shoes, and you touch the metal sphere with your hand. After you touch the metal sphere, you observe that the tape is attracted to the metal sphere. Which of the following statements could be true? Check all that apply. (1) Electrons from the sphere traveled through your body into the Earth. (2) Electrons from the sphere moved into the salt water on your skin, where they reacted with sodium ions. (3) After you touched it, the metal sphere was very nearly neutral. (4) Chloride ions from the salt water on your hand moved onto the sphere. (5) The excess negative charge from the sphere spread out all over your body. (6) Electrons from your hand moved onto the sphere. (7) Sodium ions from the salt water on your hand moved onto the sphere.
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