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Chapter 14: Q46P (page 583)

Which of the following are true? Select all that apply. (1) In equilibrium, there is no net flow of mobile charged particles inside a conductor. (2) The electric field from an external charge cannot penetrate to the center of a block of iron. (3) The net electric field inside a block of aluminum is zero under all circumstances. (4) If the net electric field at a particular location inside a piece of metal is not zero, the metal is not in equilibrium. (5) The net electric field at any location inside a block of copper is zero if the copper block is in equilibrium.

Short Answer

Expert verified

Statement (1) is correct,In equilibrium, there is no net flow of mobile charged particles inside a conductor.

Statement (3) is correct,The net electric field inside a block of aluminum is zero under all circumstances.

Statement (4) is correct,If the net electric field at a particular location inside a piece of metal is not zero, the metal is not in equilibrium.

Statement (5) is correct, The net electric field at any location inside a block of copper is zero if the copper block is in equilibrium.

Step by step solution

01

Significance of the equilibrium position

In the equilibrium position, no flow of the charge occurs between two charged particles and the value of the electric field is zero.

The concept of the equilibrium position gives the correct statement.

02

Determination of the correct answer

Statement (2) is false as an external “electric field” can go through the conductor, and the induced charges cancel the external field. So, anelectric field from an external charge can penetrate the center of a block of iron.

Statement (1) is true because no net electric field is there during the equilibrium state, and the mobile charges cannot flow as no forces are acting.

Statement (3) is true as the forces get induced on the mobile charges, and the charges flow freely as the conductor is not at equilibrium due to the net electric field.

Statement (4) is correct as the electric field inside a conductor only be zero if it is in equilibrium. Moreover, if the conductor is not in equilibrium, the field is not zero. So,If the net electric field at a particular location inside a piece of metal is not zero, the metal is not in equilibrium.

Statement (5) is correct as, during the equilibrium state, the net electric field is zero inside a conductor and the copper block is in the equilibrium state.

Thus, statements (1), (3), (4), and (5) are true.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

You have two identical neutral metal spheres labeled A and B, mounted on insulating posts, and you have a plastic pen that charges negatively when you rub it on your hair (Figure 14.77).


(a) (+ and −) Explain in detail, including diagrams, what operations you would carry out to give sphere A some positive charge and sphere B an equal amount of negative charge. (b) (+ and +) Explain in detail, including diagrams, what operations you would carry out on the neutral spheres to give sphere A some positive charge and sphere B an equal amount of positive charge (the spheres are initially uncharged).

9 Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) is a liquid whose molecules are symmetrical and so are not permanent dipoles, unlike water molecules. Explain briefly how the effect of an external charge on a beaker of water (H2O) differs from its effect on a beaker of CCl4. (Hint: Consider the behavior of the permanent dipole you made out of U and L tapes.)

: A thin, hollow spherical plastic shell of radius \({\bf{R}}\)carries a uniformly distributed negative charge \({\bf{ - Q}}\). A slice through the plastic shell is shown in Figure 14.95. To the left of the spherical shell are four charges packed closely together as shown (the distance \({\bf{s}}\) is shown greatly enlarged for clarity). The distance from the center of the four charges to the center of the plastic shell is \({\bf{L}}\) , which is much larger than \({\bf{s}}\left( {{\bf{L}} \gg {\bf{s}}} \right)\). Remember that a uniformly charged sphere makes an electric field as though all the charge were concentrated at the center of the sphere.

(a)Calculate the \({\bf{x}}\) and \({\bf{y}}\) components of the electric field at location B, a distance \({\bf{b}}\) to the right of the outer surface of the plastic shell. Explain briefly, including showing the electric field on a diagram. Your results should not contain any symbols other than the given quantities \({\bf{R,Q,q,s,L}}\), and \({\bf{b}}\)(and fundamental constants). You need not simplify the final algebraic results except for taking into account the fact that \({\bf{L}} \gg {\bf{s}}\).

(b)What simplifying assumption did you have to make in part (a)?

(c)The plastic shell is removed and replaced by an uncharged metal ball, as in Figure 14.96. At location Ainside the metal ball, a distance \({\bf{b}}\)to the left of the outer surface of the ball, accurately draw and label the electric field\({{\bf{\vec E}}_{{\bf{ball}}}}\) due to the ball charges and the electric field \({{\bf{\vec E}}_{\bf{4}}}\) of the four charges. Explain briefly.

(d)Show the distribution of ball charges.

(e)Calculate the \({\bf{x}}\) and \({\bf{y}}\) components of the net electric field at location A.

A very thin spherical plastic shell of radius15 cm carries a uniformly distributed negative charge of −8 nC(−8×10−9 C)on its outer surface (so it makes an electric field as though all the charge were concentrated at the center of the sphere). An uncharged solid metal block is placed nearby. The block is10cm thick, and it is10cm away from the surface of the sphere. See Figure 14.97. (a) Sketch the approximate charge distribution of the neutral solid metal block.

(b) Draw the electric field vector at the center of the metal block that is due solely to the charge distribution you sketched (that is, excluding the contributions of the sphere).

(c) Calculate the magnitude of the electric field vector you drew. Explain briefly. If you must make any approximations, state what they are.

A negatively charged iron block is placed in a region where there is an electric field downward (in the Y − direction) due to charges not shown. Which of the diagrams (a–f) in Figure 14.88 best describes the charge distribution in and/or on the iron block?
See all solutions

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