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Chapter 2: Q52P-b (page 45)
In the circuit shown in Figure 19.75, the emf of the battery is . Resistor has a resistance of , and resistor has a resistance of. A steady current flows through the circuit. (a) What is the absolute value of the potential difference across ? (b) What is the conventional current through ?
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Calculate the potential difference along the closed path consisting of two radial segments and two circular segments centred on the charge Q. Show that the four ΔV’s add up to zero. It is helpful to draw electric field vectors at several locations on each path segment to help keep track of signs.
You may have noticed that while discharging a capacitor through a light bulb, the light glows just about as brightly, and for just about as long, as it does while charging the same capacitor through the same bulb. Let stand for the energy emitted by the light bulb (as light and heat) in the discharging phase, from just before the bulb is connected to the capacitor until the time when there is essentially no more current. In terms of or , what was the energy change of the battery, capacitor, bulb, and surroundings during the charging phase, and during the discharging phase? One answer is already given in the following table:
It is somewhat surprising that we can get this much information out of one simple observation.
A ball moves in the direction of the arrow labeledin Figure. The ball is struck by a stick that briefly exerts a force on the ball in the direction of the arrow labeled. Which arrow best describes the direction of, the change in the ball's momentum?
You drop a piece of paper, and observe that it eventually falls at a constant speed. Which of the following statements about this situation is based on a fundamental physics principle? (a) Because the paper is moving downward, we know that it experiences a nonzero net downward force. (b) Since the momentum of the paper does not change from one instant to the next, , and therefore the net force on the paper must be zero. (2) You give a push to a toy car, which rolls away smoothly on a wooden floor. Why does the car keep moving after your hand is no longer touching it? (a) The momentum of the car just after it leaves your hand reflects the total impulse given to the car by your hand. (b) Your hand continues to exert a force on the car even after the car and hand no longer touch.
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