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Chapter 2: Problem 109

Which of the following demonstrates a change in physical properties? A. wood burning in a campfire B. a banana turning brown C. a steak cooking in a frying pan D. a glass being shattered by a flying dart

Short Answer

Expert verified
Option D: a glass being shattered by a flying dart demonstrates a change in physical properties.

Step by step solution

01

Understanding Physical and Chemical Changes

Physical changes affect the form of a chemical substance, but not its chemical composition. Chemical changes occur when a substance combines with another to form a new substance or decomposes into two or more different substances.
02

Analyze Option A: Wood Burning in a Campfire

Wood burning involves combustion, a chemical reaction where wood combines with oxygen to form carbon dioxide, water, and ash. This is a chemical change.
03

Analyze Option B: A Banana Turning Brown

A banana turning brown involves enzymatic browning, a chemical reaction where oxygen reacts with phenolic compounds in the banana. This is a chemical change.
04

Analyze Option C: A Steak Cooking in a Frying Pan

Cooking a steak involves chemical reactions such as the Maillard reaction, where amino acids and reducing sugars react to form new molecules, changing the steak's flavor and color. This is a chemical change.
05

Analyze Option D: A Glass Being Shattered by a Flying Dart

Shattering glass involves breaking the glass into smaller pieces without changing its chemical composition. This is a physical change.
06

Conclusion

The change that demonstrates a physical property is the glass being shattered. Unlike the other options, shattering glass does not involve a change in chemical composition.

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

headline of the respective core concept
Physical changes involve changes in the physical properties of a substance, like size, shape, or state, without altering its chemical composition.
Glass shattering is a classic example of a physical change. When a glass is shattered by a dart, its chemical makeup remains the same; it just breaks into smaller pieces.
Other examples include ice melting (change from solid to liquid) or dissolving sugar in water (sugar remains sugar, just dispersed in water).
During a physical change:
  • The identity of the substance does not change.
  • The change can often be reversed (e.g., water freezing and melting).
  • No new substances are formed.
Understanding this is crucial for distinguishing between physical and chemical changes.
headline of the respective core concept
Chemical changes involve a process where one or more substances combine or break apart to form new substances.
For example, wood burning in a campfire is a chemical change. During combustion, wood reacts with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide, water vapor, and ash.
Another example is a banana turning brown. This change is due to enzymatic browning — a reaction between oxygen and phenolic compounds in the banana which produces new brown pigments.
Key characteristics of chemical changes include:
  • Formation of new substances with different properties.
  • Energy changes often occur (release or absorption of heat).
  • Changes are usually not easily reversible.
Recognizing chemical changes is essential for understanding chemical reactions and processes.
headline of the respective core concept
Chemical reactions are processes that lead to the transformation of one set of substances (reactants) into another set of substances (products).
When cooking a steak in a frying pan, multiple chemical reactions occur, such as the Maillard reaction. This reaction involves amino acids and sugars combining and creating new flavor and color compounds.
Chemical reactions can be identified by:
  • Change in color.
  • Production of gas or odor.
  • Formation of a precipitate or new substance.
  • Energy exchange (heat, light).
Understanding chemical reactions helps in predicting the behavior of substances under different conditions, crucial for fields like chemistry, biology, and cooking.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

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