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Chapter 2: Problem 132

Which two elements are expected to have similar chemical properties? A. \(\mathrm{C}\) and \(\mathrm{B}\) B. \(\mathrm{H}\) and \(\mathrm{He}\) C. \(\mathrm{Ca}\) and \(\mathrm{Sr}\) D. \(\mathrm{N}\) and \(\mathrm{Ne}\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
C. \( \mathrm{Ca} \) and \( \mathrm{Sr} \)

Step by step solution

01

Understand the Concept

Elements that are in the same group (column) of the periodic table typically have similar chemical properties because they have the same number of valence electrons.
02

Identify the Elements

Look at the elements given in the options: - A. \( \mathrm{C} \) and \( \mathrm{B} \)- B. \( \mathrm{H} \) and \( \mathrm{He} \)- C. \( \mathrm{Ca} \) and \( \mathrm{Sr} \)- D. \( \mathrm{N} \) and \( \mathrm{Ne} \)
03

Locate the Elements in the Periodic Table

Find the groups for each pair of elements in the periodic table:- \( \mathrm{C} \) (Group 14) and \( \mathrm{B} \) (Group 13)- \( \mathrm{H} \) (Group 1) and \( \mathrm{He} \) (Group 18)- \( \mathrm{Ca} \) (Group 2) and \( \mathrm{Sr} \) (Group 2)- \( \mathrm{N} \) (Group 15) and \( \mathrm{Ne} \) (Group 18)
04

Determine the Group Similarity

Compare the groups of each pair of elements:- \( \mathrm{C} \) and \( \mathrm{B} \) are in different groups.- \( \mathrm{H} \) and \( \mathrm{He} \) are in different groups.- \( \mathrm{Ca} \) and \( \mathrm{Sr} \) are in the same group.- \( \mathrm{N} \) and \( \mathrm{Ne} \) are in different groups.
05

Conclusion

Since \( \mathrm{Ca} \) and \( \mathrm{Sr} \) are in the same group (Group 2) of the periodic table, they are expected to have similar chemical properties.

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Periodic Table
The periodic table is a powerful tool in chemistry. It organizes all known elements based on their atomic number, electron configurations, and recurring chemical properties.
By arranging elements in this way, the periodic table helps chemists understand and predict the behaviors of different elements.

The table is divided into rows, called periods, and columns, known as groups or families. Elements in the same group often share similar characteristics. This is because they have the same number of valence electrons, which plays a crucial role in chemical bonding.
Valence Electrons
Valence electrons are the electrons located in the outermost shell of an atom. These electrons are significant because they determine how an element will react with others.
Here's why valence electrons are important:

  • Elements with the same number of valence electrons exhibit similar chemical properties.
  • The number of valence electrons influences the kind of bonds an element can form.

For example, elements in Group 1 of the periodic table all have one valence electron, making them highly reactive, especially with water.
Element Groups
Element groups, or families, are the columns in the periodic table. All elements within a group have the same number of valence electrons.
This similarity gives them comparable chemical and physical properties.

Here are key examples of element groups:

  • Group 1: Known as alkali metals, these elements are highly reactive.
  • Group 2: Alkaline earth metals, which are also quite reactive.
  • Group 17: Halogens, very reactive nonmetals.
  • Group 18: Noble gases, which are mostly inert and unreactive.

Let's return to our exercise: Elements in the same group, like calcium (Ca) and strontium (Sr), share similar chemical properties because they have the same number of valence electrons. In this case, both have two valence electrons, making them behave similarly in chemical reactions.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

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