Air particles inside a balloon push the walls of the balloon s \begin{tabular}{|l|l|} \hline Select... & \(\mathbf{v}\) \\ \hline inward & \\ \hline outward & \\ \hline \end{tabular} Air pressure outside the balloon pushes the walls of the balloon \begin{tabular}{l|l|} Select... & \(\nabla\) \\ \hline inward \end{tabular}

Gas laws are important principles that describe the behavior of gases under different conditions. These laws help us understand how gases interact with their containers, like a balloon.
One of the key gas laws is Boyle's Law, which states that the pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to its volume when temperature is constant: \[ P_1 V_1 = P_2 V_2 \]
This means if you increase the pressure on a gas, its volume decreases, and if you decrease the pressure, its volume increases.
Another crucial gas law is Charles's Law, which tells us that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature when pressure is held constant: \[ \frac{V_1}{T_1} = \frac{V_2}{T_2} \]
In simpler terms, heating a gas makes it expand, and cooling it makes it contract.
These laws help us understand why the air inside a balloon increases in pressure and volume when heated, while cooling causes it to shrink.

Pressure is the force that particles exert over a particular area. We measure it in units like Pascals (Pa) or atmospheres (atm).
Inside a balloon, air particles are constantly moving and colliding with the walls of the balloon. These collisions create pressure.
The more particles there are and the faster they move, the greater the pressure.
The pressure inside the balloon must also balance with the pressure outside to keep the balloon stable.
Mathematically, pressure is defined as: \[ P = \frac{F}{A} \]
Here, \(P\) represents pressure, \(F\) is force, and \(A\) is the area over which the force is applied.
Understanding pressure helps explain why the air inside a balloon pushes its walls outward while the outside air pressure pushes the walls inward.

The direction of force is crucial in understanding the behavior of balloons. Inside the balloon, air particles exert an outward force as they collide with the walls.
This outward push tries to expand the balloon. This is why balloons inflate when more air is added.
On the other hand, air pressure outside the balloon exerts an inward force, trying to compress it.
This inward force is what keeps the balloon from expanding indefinitely by counteracting the internal pressure.
The interaction between these forces determines the size and shape of the balloon.
The key takeaway is that forces act in opposite directions: the internal force pushes outward, while the external pressure pushes inward.