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Chapter 2: Problem 92

Which is an example of someone using a simple machine to do work? A. A boy runs across a football field. B. A banker counts money. C. A mother pushes a stroller up a ramp into a building. D. A girl eats a sandwich.

Short Answer

Expert verified
C. A mother pushes a stroller up a ramp into a building.

Step by step solution

01

Understand Simple Machines

Simple machines are devices that make work easier by allowing us to push or pull over increased distances. Examples include levers, pulleys, inclined planes (ramps), wheels and axles, screws, and wedges.
02

Analyze Each Option

Evaluate each option to see if it involves using a simple machine.A. A boy runs across a football field: This action does not involve the use of a simple machine.B. A banker counts money: This action does not involve the use of a simple machine.C. A mother pushes a stroller up a ramp into a building: This action involves using an inclined plane (a simple machine).D. A girl eats a sandwich: This action does not involve the use of a simple machine.
03

Identify the Correct Answer

Based on the evaluation, the correct answer is option C because an inclined plane is a simple machine that helps make the task of lifting the stroller easier by spreading the effort over a longer distance.

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

inclined plane
An inclined plane is essentially a flat surface that is tilted at an angle. It helps in making work easier by spreading the effort required to lift an object over a longer distance. When you use a ramp, you are using an inclined plane. This simple machine reduces the amount of force needed to lift an object vertically by allowing the object to be moved up the ramp with less effort.
For example,
* A mother pushing a stroller up a ramp into a building
* Someone using a wheelchair ramp to enter a building
Overall, inclined planes reduce the effort required to lift an object by increasing the distance over which the force is applied.
lever
A lever consists of a rigid bar that pivots around a point called the fulcrum. By applying force at one end of the lever, you can move a load at the other end. The position of the fulcrum and the length of the lever determine how much easier it is to lift the load.
There are three types of levers: First-class, second-class, and third-class, each with a different arrangement of the load, fulcrum, and effort.
Examples include:
* A seesaw (first-class lever)
* A wheelbarrow (second-class lever)
* A pair of tweezers (third-class lever)
Levers are incredibly useful for lifting heavy objects with less force and are widely used in various tools and machines.
pulley
A pulley consists of a wheel with a grooved rim and a rope or cable that runs along the groove. It is used to lift heavy objects with less effort by changing the direction of the force applied.
There are different types of pulleys:
* Fixed pulleys (change the direction of the force)
* Movable pulleys (reduce the amount of force needed to lift an object)
* Compound pulleys (combine fixed and movable pulleys)
Examples include:
* Using a pulley system to lift a bucket from a well
* Crane machinery in construction sites
Pulleys enable us to move heavy loads vertically by redirecting forces and cutting down the amount of effort required.
wheel and axle
The wheel and axle is a simple machine that consists of a larger diameter wheel attached to a smaller diameter axle. When the wheel turns, the axle turns with it, which helps in moving or lifting loads more easily. This setup provides mechanical advantage as it amplifies the input force.
Examples include:
* A doorknob (turning the wheel moves the latch)
* A bicycle (pedaling rotates the wheel and moves the bike)
* A rolling office chair (allows easy movement around the desk)
The wheel and axle system is particularly useful in transportation and various tools, helping to reduce the effort needed to move objects.
screw
A screw is essentially an inclined plane wrapped around a central core. The threads (helical ridges) convert rotational force into linear motion or force. This simple machine is useful for holding objects together and lifting materials.
Examples include:
* A jar lid (twisting to close or open)
* A wood screw (holding pieces of wood together)
* A car jack (lifting vehicles)
Screws are commonly used in construction, machinery, and everyday items, providing both fastening and lifting capabilities with minimal effort.
wedge
A wedge is a simple machine that consists of two inclined planes joined back to back. It is used to split, cut, or lift objects by converting force applied on its wide end into forces perpendicular to its inclined surfaces.
Examples include:
* An axe (splitting wood)
* A knife (cutting food)
* A chisel (carving material)
Wedges concentrate force into a smaller area, making it easier to break or lift objects. They are versatile tools commonly used for a variety of tasks requiring precision and force.

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