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Chapter 10: 4CQ (page 413)

Of N2, O2 and F2, none has an electric dipole moment, but one does have a magnetic dipole moment, which one, and why?

(Refer to figure 10.10)

Short Answer

Expert verified

Here, O2 has a dipole moment.

Step by step solution

01

Dipole moment’s definition

The polarity of the system is called the electric dipole moment. The electric dipole moment is a measure of the separation of positive and negative charges in a system.

The magnetic dipole moment is used to measure the tendency of an object to interact with an external magnetic field.

02

Explanation of why O2  molecule has a magnetic dipole momentum

Oxygen O2 has a magnetic dipole momentum molecule because it has two outermost electrons that spin that are unpaired in π×2p. In nitrogen N2 and fluorine F2 molecules, the electrons have spins in opposite pairs, and so the magnetic moment cancels each other.

Hence, the molecule oxygen O2 molecule has a magnetic dipole moment.

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