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Chapter 10: Q22CQ (page 467)

Describe the similarities and differences between Type-I and Type-II superconductors.

Short Answer

Expert verified

Both Type-I and Type-II superconductors relay on formation of cooper pairs and they exhibit isotopic effect.

Step by step solution

01

Definition of superconductors

A substance known as a superconductor is able to conduct electricity or move electrons from one atom to another without encountering any resistance.

02

Step 2:

Both can exclude Magnetic field lines from the super conducting region.

03

Step 3:

Both can destroy the Magnetic field lines if Magnetic field is too high.

For Differences:

04

Step 4:

Type-I superconductors are mostly elements. The critical temperature and the critical Magnetic fields are low.

05

Step 5:

Type-II superconductors are mostly metallic, compounds and alloys. They typically have more higher critical temperature and much stronger critical magnetic field.

Hence, Type-I and Type-II shows both similarities and differences.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Question: - A semimetal (e.g., antimony, bismuth) is a material in which electrons would fill states to the top of a band the valence band--except for the fact that the top of this band overlaps very slightly with the bottom of the next higher band. Explain why such a material, unlike the "real" metal copper, will have true positive charge carriers and equal numbers of negative ones, even at zero temperature.

Question: From the qualitative shapes of the interatomic potential energies in Fig. 10.21, would you expect the vibrational level in the excited electronic state to be spaced the same. Farther apart, or closer together than those in the lower energy electronic state? Explain what about the rotational levels?

Starting with equation (10-4), show that if Δn is-1 as a photon is emitted by a diatomic molecule in a transition among rotation-vibration states, but Δℓcan be±1 . Then the allowed photon energies obey equation (10-6).

Question: The diagram shows the energy bands of a tunnel diode as the potential difference is increased. In this device high impurity atom density causes the occupied donor and unoccupied acceptor levels to spread into impurity bands which overlap respectively the n-type conduction- and the p-type valence bands. In all unbiased diodes, the depletion zone between the n-type and p-type bands constitutes a potential barrier (see Section 6.2) but in the tunnel diode it is so thin that significant tunnelling occurs. The current versus voltage plot shows that unlike a normal diode significant current begins to flow as soon as there is an applied voltage—before the bias voltage is Egap /e. It then decreases (so called negative resistance) before again increasing in the normal way. Explain this behavior.

Exercise 29 outlines how energy may be extracted by transferring an electron from an atom that easily loses an electron from an atom that easily loses an electron to one with a large appetite for electrons , then allowing the two to approach , forming an ionic bond.

  1. Consider separately the cases of hydrogen bonding with fluorine and sodium bonding with fluorine in each case , how close must the ions approach to reach “break even” where the energy needed to transfer the electron between the separated atoms is balanced by the electrostatic potential energy of attraction? The ionization energy of hydrogen is 13.6 eV , that of sodium is 5.1 eV , and the electron affinity of fluorine is 3.40 Ev.
  2. Of HF and NaF , one is considered to be an ionic bond and the other a covalent bond . Which is which and Why?
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