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Chapter 1: Problem 3

What happens when dilute hydrochloric acid is added to iron fillings? Tick the correct answer. (a) Hydrogen gas and iron chloride are produced. (b) Chlorine gas and iron hydroxide are produced. (c) No reaction takes place. (d) Iron salt and water are produced.

Short Answer

Expert verified
Option (a) is correct: Hydrogen gas and iron chloride are produced.

Step by step solution

01

Identify the Reactants

Determine the chemical substances involved in the reaction: dilute hydrochloric acid (HCl) and iron filings (Fe).
02

Determine the Type of Reaction

Recognize that this is a single displacement reaction where iron displaces hydrogen from hydrochloric acid.
03

Write the Chemical Equation

Formulate the balanced chemical equation for the reaction: Fe (s) + 2 HCl (aq) → FeCl₂ (aq) + H₂ (g).
04

Analyze the Products

Identify the products of the reaction: iron chloride (FeCl₂) and hydrogen gas (H₂).
05

Select the Correct Answer

Choose option (a) based on the analysis: Hydrogen gas and iron chloride are produced.

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

chemical reactions
When substances interact to form new products, it is called a chemical reaction. This process involves breaking and forming chemical bonds. Different types of reactions exist, such as single displacement, double displacement, synthesis, decomposition, and combustion. These reactions are governed by the law of conservation of mass—matter cannot be created or destroyed but can change forms. Understanding the type of reaction helps predict the products and the chemical equation that represents the reaction.

  • Reactants: Substances present at the beginning of a reaction.
  • Products: Substances that form as a result of the reaction.

iron and hydrochloric acid
In the context of the given exercise, we look at the reaction between iron (Fe) and dilute hydrochloric acid (HCl). This is a classic example of a single displacement reaction. Here, iron displaces hydrogen from the hydrochloric acid:

  • Iron (Fe): A metal with high reactivity, prone to losing electrons and forming positive ions.
  • Hydrochloric acid (HCl): A common acid that dissociates in water to form hydrogen ions (H⁺) and chloride ions (Cl⁻).

The chemical equation for this reaction is represented as:
Fe (s) + 2 HCl (aq) → FeCl₂ (aq) + H₂ (g)
This interaction shows that iron takes the place of hydrogen, forming iron chloride (FeCl₂) and releasing hydrogen gas (H₂). By observing these changes, one can classify and predict the behavior of similar reactions.
product analysis
Analyzing the products of a chemical reaction is crucial to understanding what has occurred. In the given exercise, the products of the reaction between iron and hydrochloric acid are iron chloride (FeCl₂) and hydrogen gas (H₂).

Iron chloride is an aqueous solution (FeCl₂), which means it dissolves in water to form a clear liquid.
Hydrogen gas, on the other hand, is a colorless, odorless gas that can be observed as bubbles forming in the reaction.

  • Hydrogen Gas (H₂): Often tested using the 'pop' test where a lit splint produces a popping sound in the presence of hydrogen.
  • Iron Chloride (FeCl₂): Typically identified by its dissolution in water, changing the appearance of the solution.

Understanding these products helps in determining the correct answer to the exercise and configuring real-life applications and experiments correctly.

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