Explanations 
Textbooks 
Exams 
GCSE 
IGCSE 
AS 
A Level 
International A Level 
University Admissions Tests 
Flashcards 
Vaia AI 
Notes 
Study Plans 
Study Sets 
Find a job 
Find a degree 
Student Deals 
Magazine 
Mobile App Chapter 6: Problem 8
What are the differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration? Name some organisms that use the anaerobic mode of respiration.
Short Answer
Expert verified
Aerobic respiration requires oxygen and produces more ATP with byproducts of CO\textsubscript{2} and H\textsubscript{2}O. Anaerobic respiration, which does not need oxygen, produces less ATP and byproducts like lactic acid or ethanol and CO\textsubscript{2}. Yeast and some bacteria use anaerobic respiration.
Step by step solution
01
Define Aerobic Respiration
Aerobic respiration is the process of producing cellular energy involving oxygen. This type of respiration occurs in the mitochondria of cells. During this process, glucose and oxygen react to produce carbon dioxide, water, and ATP (adenosine triphosphate) which is the primary energy carrier in cells.
02
Define Anaerobic Respiration
Anaerobic respiration is the process of producing cellular energy without using oxygen. This type of respiration occurs in the cytoplasm of cells. During this process, glucose is broken down into lactic acid (in animals) or ethanol and carbon dioxide (in yeast and some plants), and a small amount of ATP is produced.
03
Compare Energy Yield
Aerobic respiration produces a high amount of energy, yielding approximately 36-38 ATP molecules per glucose molecule. In contrast, anaerobic respiration yields much less energy, producing only about 2 ATP molecules per glucose molecule.
04
Identify Byproducts
The byproducts of aerobic respiration are carbon dioxide and water. For anaerobic respiration, the byproducts differ: in animals, it is lactic acid; in yeast and some plants, it is ethanol and carbon dioxide.
05
Identify Organisms Using Anaerobic Respiration
Some organisms that use anaerobic respiration include yeast, certain bacteria (such as Clostridium), and muscle cells in animals during intense exercise when oxygen supply is limited.
06
Summarize Differences
Summarize the differences: Aerobic respiration requires oxygen, occurs in mitochondria, produces more ATP, and results in carbon dioxide and water as byproducts. Anaerobic respiration does not require oxygen, occurs in the cytoplasm, yields less ATP, and produces different byproducts such as lactic acid or ethanol and carbon dioxide.
Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!
-
Full Textbook Solutions
Get detailed explanations and key concepts
-
Unlimited Al creation
Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...
-
Ads-free access
To over 500 millions flashcards
-
Money-back guarantee
We refund you if you fail your exam.
Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with Vaia!
Key Concepts
These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.
Aerobic Respiration
Aerobic respiration is the process by which cells produce energy in the presence of oxygen. This vital process occurs inside the mitochondria, often referred to as the cell's powerhouse. In aerobic respiration, glucose combines with oxygen to form carbon dioxide, water, and a significant amount of ATP (adenosine triphosphate). ATP is known as the energy currency of the cell.
Some key points about aerobic respiration include:
Some key points about aerobic respiration include:
- Takes place in the mitochondria
- Requires oxygen
- Produces around 36-38 ATP molecules per glucose molecule
- Byproducts include carbon dioxide and water
Anaerobic Respiration
Anaerobic respiration occurs when cells generate energy without oxygen. This process takes place in the cytoplasm of the cell, not in the mitochondria. During anaerobic respiration, glucose is broken down into other compounds like lactic acid (in animals) or ethanol and carbon dioxide (in yeast and some plants).
Here are the essentials of anaerobic respiration:
Here are the essentials of anaerobic respiration:
- Occurs in the cytoplasm
- Doesn't require oxygen
- Produces only about 2 ATP molecules per glucose molecule
- Byproducts are lactic acid in animals, and ethanol and carbon dioxide in yeast and some plants
Cellular Energy Production
Cellular energy production is essential for all living organisms. Cells either use aerobic or anaerobic respiration to produce ATP.
Aerobic respiration is more efficient and occurs when oxygen is available, resulting in a large yield of ATP. Anaerobic respiration kicks in when oxygen is limited, though it produces much less ATP.
Understanding the conditions and efficiency of these processes helps explain how organisms adapt to different environments and energy needs.
Aerobic respiration is more efficient and occurs when oxygen is available, resulting in a large yield of ATP. Anaerobic respiration kicks in when oxygen is limited, though it produces much less ATP.
Understanding the conditions and efficiency of these processes helps explain how organisms adapt to different environments and energy needs.
ATP Production
ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is the main energy currency in cells. Both aerobic and anaerobic respiration generate ATP through different pathways.
A brief comparison of ATP production:
A brief comparison of ATP production:
- Aerobic respiration produces about 36-38 ATP molecules per glucose molecule
- Anaerobic respiration generates only 2 ATP molecules per glucose molecule
Byproducts of Respiration
The byproducts of respiration differ depending on whether the process is aerobic or anaerobic.
In aerobic respiration, the main byproducts are:
In anaerobic respiration, the byproducts vary:
In aerobic respiration, the main byproducts are:
- Carbon dioxide
- Water
In anaerobic respiration, the byproducts vary:
- In animals, lactic acid is produced
- In yeast and some plants, ethanol and carbon dioxide are generated
Organisms Using Anaerobic Respiration
Many organisms rely on anaerobic respiration under certain conditions. Examples include:
- Yeast, which produces ethanol and carbon dioxide during fermentation
- Certain bacteria like Clostridium
- Muscle cells in animals, which generate lactic acid during intense exercise
