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Chapter 7: Problem 1

Which of the following is a plant hormone? (a) Insulin (b) Thyroxin (c) Oestrogen (d) Cytokinin.

Short Answer

Expert verified
Cytokinin

Step by step solution

01

Identify the category of each option

Review each option and determine whether it is a plant hormone or not.- Insulin: This is a hormone produced in the pancreas and regulates blood sugar levels in animals.- Thyroxin: This is a hormone produced by the thyroid gland in animals that regulates metabolism.- Oestrogen: This is a hormone produced in the ovaries of animals that regulates reproductive processes.- Cytokinin: This is a hormone found in plants that promotes cell division and growth.
02

Eliminate the incorrect options

Since Insulin, Thyroxin, and Oestrogen are hormones found in animals and not in plants, they can be eliminated.
03

Confirm the correct answer

The remaining option, Cytokinin, is a plant hormone. It plays a crucial role in promoting cell division, growth, and various other processes in plants.

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Cytokinin
Cytokinin is a plant hormone that plays a key role in promoting cell division and growth. It was first discovered when scientists were studying the way cells divide.
They noticed that certain substances could promote rapid cell division. This led to the discovery of cytokinins.
Cytokinins are produced in the roots of a plant. From there, they travel to other parts of the plant, stimulating growth and the formation of new tissues. They are also essential for the development of plant organs such as leaves, flowers, and fruits.
Without cytokinins, plants would not grow properly and would have difficulty in reproducing and spreading their seeds.
Hormones in Plants
Hormones in plants are chemical messengers that regulate various aspects of growth and development. Unlike animals, plants don't have a nervous system.
Instead, they rely on hormones to communicate and respond to environmental changes. Some key plant hormones include:
  • Auxins: Promote stem elongation and are involved in the response to light.
  • Gibberellins: Promote seed germination, stem growth, and flowering.
  • Ethylene: Involved in fruit ripening and response to stress conditions.
  • Abscisic Acid (ABA): Helps the plant respond to stress by closing stomata to conserve water.
Each of these hormones works in a coordinated manner to ensure the plant grows, develops, and adapts efficiently.
Functions of Plant Hormones
Plant hormones play a crucial role in regulating nearly every aspect of a plant's life cycle. Here are some of their main functions:
  • Growth Regulation: Hormones like cytokinins and auxins help regulate cell division and elongation, which are essential for plant growth.
  • Reproductive Development: Gibberellins and ethylene are key players in flower and fruit formation.
  • Stress Response: Abscisic acid helps plants cope with stress by closing stomata to reduce water loss.
  • Tropisms: Auxins are involved in directional growth responses to environmental stimuli such as light (phototropism) and gravity (gravitropism).
Understanding the functions of plant hormones can help us in agriculture, where manipulating hormone levels can enhance crop yields and stress resilience.

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