The volume of air taken in by a warm-blooded vertebrate in the Andes mountains is \(210 \mathrm{L} /\) day at standard temperature and pressure (i.e., \(\left.0^{\circ} \mathrm{C} \text { and } 1 \text { atm }\right) .\) If the air in the lungs is at \(39^{\circ} \mathrm{C},\) under a pressure of $450 \mathrm{mm} \mathrm{Hg}$ and we assume that the vertebrate takes in an average volume of \(100 \mathrm{cm}^{3}\) per breath at the temperature and pressure of its lungs, how many breaths does this vertebrate take per day?

Assume the average volume per breath is 100 cm³. Answer: To find the number of breaths the vertebrate takes per day, follow these steps: 1. Convert the given information to consistent units: - Temperature at STP: 273.15 K - Pressure at STP: 760 mmHg - Temperature in the lungs: 312.15 K - Air intake volume per day at STP: 210,000 cm³ 2. Calculate the number of moles of air taken in per day at STP using the Ideal Gas Law: \(n = \frac{(210000 \, \mathrm{cm}^3)(760 \, \mathrm{mmHg})}{(62.36 \frac{\mathrm{L} \cdot \mathrm{mmHg}}{\mathrm{mol} \cdot \mathrm{K}})(273.15 \, \mathrm{K})}\) 3. Convert the volume at STP to the volume at the conditions in the lungs: \(V_{\text{lungs}} = \frac{nRT_{\text{lungs}}}{450 \, \mathrm{mmHg}}\) 4. Compute the number of breaths taken per day by dividing the volume at the lung conditions by the average volume per breath: \(Number \, of \, breaths = \frac{V_{\text{lungs}}}{100 \, \mathrm{cm}^3}\)