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Chapter 28: Problem 41

What is the ground-state electron configuration of bromine (Br, atomic number 35)?

Short Answer

Expert verified
Answer: The electron configuration for Bromine (Br) is 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁵.

Step by step solution

01

Understand the Aufbau principle

The Aufbau principle states that electrons fill the orbitals of the lowest energy first, before filling the orbitals of higher energy. This is analogous to filling the seats on the lower floor of a theatre before filling those on the upper floor.
02

Understand Hund's rule

Hund's rule states that for degenerate orbitals (orbitals with the same energy level), electrons will fill the orbitals singly, with parallel spins, before doubling up in any of the orbitals. This is because electrons repel each other and they want to avoid being too close to one another.
03

Understand the Pauli exclusion principle

The Pauli exclusion principle states that no two electrons in an atom can have the same set of quantum numbers. In other words, each electron in an orbital must have an opposite spin (represented as +1/2 or -1/2) to obey this rule.
04

Apply the principles to Bromine

Bromine has an atomic number of 35, which means it has 35 electrons. We will fill in the electron orbitals following the Aufbau principle, Hund's rule, and the Pauli exclusion principle: 1s^2, 2s^2, 2p^6, 3s^2, 3p^6, 4s^2, 3d^10, 4p^5
05

Write the electron configuration

The electron configuration for Bromine (Br) is: \[1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^2 3d^{10} 4p^5\] This represents the ground-state electron configuration for Bromine.

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