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Chapter 28: Problem 65

What is the ground-state electron configuration of tellurium (Te, atomic number 52 )?

Short Answer

Expert verified
The ground-state electron configuration of tellurium (Te) is [TeX]1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^2 3d^10 4p^6 5s^2 4d^10 5p^4[/TeX].

Step by step solution

01

Identify the position of tellurium in the periodic table

Tellurium is in Group 16 (also known as the chalcogens) and Period 5 of the periodic table. Remember that the atomic number (Z) of tellurium is 52, meaning that it has 52 electrons in its ground state.
02

Apply the Aufbau principle

According to the Aufbau principle, electrons fill atomic orbitals in the order of increasing energy. The order of filling is as follows: 1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p, 4s, 3d, 4p, 5s, 4d, 5p, 6s, 4f, 5d, 6p, 7s, 5f, 6d, 7p. Fill the electrons following this order until all 52 electrons are placed.
03

Fill in the electron configuration

Using the order established in Step 2, start filling the orbitals: 1s^2: 2 electrons (2 remaining) 2s^2: 2 electrons (4 remaining) 2p^6: 6 electrons (10 remaining) 3s^2: 2 electrons (12 remaining) 3p^6: 6 electrons (18 remaining) 4s^2: 2 electrons (20 remaining) 3d^10: 10 electrons (30 remaining) 4p^6: 6 electrons (36 remaining) 5s^2: 2 electrons (38 remaining) 4d^10: 10 electrons (48 remaining) 5p^4: 4 electrons (52 total, no more remaining)
04

Write the ground-state electron configuration for tellurium

Combine the filled orbitals found in Step 3 to write the electron configuration: [TeX]1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^2 3d^10 4p^6 5s^2 4d^10 5p^4[/TeX]. This electron configuration represents the ground state of tellurium (Te) with an atomic number of 52.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

A scanning electron microscope is used to look at cell structure with 10 -nm resolution. A beam of electrons from a hot filament is accelerated with a voltage of \(12 \mathrm{kV}\) and then focused to a small spot on the specimen. (a) What is the wavelength in nanometers of the beam of incoming electrons? (b) If the size of the focal spot were determined only by diffraction, and if the diameter of the electron lens is one fifth the distance from the lens to the specimen, what would be the minimum separation resolvable on the specimen? (In practice, the resolution is limited much more by aberrations in the magnetic lenses and other factors.)
An electron moving in the positive \(x\) -direction passes through a slit of width \(\Delta y=85 \mathrm{nm} .\) What is the minimum uncertainty in the electron's velocity in the \(y\) -direction?
A magnesium ion \(\mathrm{Mg}^{2+}\) is accelerated through a potential difference of \(22 \mathrm{kV}\). What is the de Broglie wavelength of this ion?
Before the discovery of the neutron, one theory of the nucleus proposed that the nucleus contains protons and electrons. For example, the helium-4 nucleus would contain 4 protons and 2 electrons instead of - as we now know to be true- 2 protons and 2 neutrons. (a) Assuming that the electron moves at nonrelativistic speeds, find the ground-state energy in mega-electron- volts of an electron confined to a one-dimensional box of length $5.0 \mathrm{fm}\( (the approximate diameter of the \)^{4} \mathrm{He}$ nucleus). (The electron actually does move at relativistic speeds. See Problem \(80 .)\) (b) What can you conclude about the electron-proton model of the nucleus? The binding energy of the \(^{4} \mathrm{He}\) nucleus - the energy that would have to be supplied to break the nucleus into its constituent particles-is about \(28 \mathrm{MeV} .\) (c) Repeat (a) for a neutron confined to the nucleus (instead of an electron). Compare your result with (a) and comment on the viability of the proton-neutron theory relative to the electron-proton theory.
The neutrons produced in fission reactors have a wide range of kinetic energies. After the neutrons make several collisions with atoms, they give up their excess kinetic energy and are left with the same average kinetic energy as the atoms, which is \(\frac{3}{2} k_{\mathrm{B}} T .\) If the temperature of the reactor core is \(T=400.0 \mathrm{K},\) find (a) the average kinetic energy of the thermal neutrons, and (b) the de Broglie wavelength of a neutron with this kinetic energy.
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