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Chapter 4: Problem 69

A sailboat is tied to a mooring with a horizontal line. The wind is from the southwest. Draw an FBD and identify all the forces acting on the sailboat.

Short Answer

Expert verified
Answer: The four forces acting on the sailboat are the force due to the wind (F_W), the force due to the tension from the mooring line (F_T), the gravitational force (F_G), and the buoyancy force (F_B).

Step by step solution

01

Draw the sailboat and the mooring

Draw a simple diagram of the sailboat in the water, with a horizontal line connecting it to the mooring. Provide labels for the mooring, the horizontal line, and the sailboat.
02

Draw the FBD

To draw the FBD, start by drawing a dot to represent the sailboat. Next, draw arrows originating from the dot to represent all the forces acting on the sailboat.
03

Identify the force due to the wind

Draw an arrow coming from the southwest direction (diagonal from lower left to upper right), representing the wind force acting on the sailboat. Label this arrow as \(F_W\) for force of the wind.
04

Identify the force due to the mooring line

The horizontal line creates a tension force on the sailboat. Draw an arrow pointing horizontally in the direction towards the mooring point. Label this arrow as \(F_T\) for force of tension from the mooring line.
05

Identify the gravitational force and buoyancy force

There are two more forces acting on the sailboat which are the gravitational force and the buoyancy force: 1. Gravitational force: Draw an arrow pointing downward to represent the force of gravity acting on the sailboat. Label this arrow as \(F_G\). 2. Buoyancy force: Draw an arrow pointing upward that is equal in magnitude but opposite in direction to the gravitational force, this represents the buoyancy force. Label it as \(F_B\).
06

Combine all forces in the FBD

Now that you have identified and drawn all of the forces acting on the sailboat, your final FBD should show four distinct force arrows: \(F_W\), \(F_T\), \(F_G\), and \(F_B\). Ensure that the FBD clearly shows each force acting on the sailboat. With this FBD, you have successfully identified all the forces acting on the sailboat, as per the given exercise.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

A refrigerator magnet weighing \(0.14 \mathrm{N}\) is used to hold up a photograph weighing \(0.030 \mathrm{N}\). The magnet attracts the refrigerator door with a magnetic force of 2.10 N. (a) Identify the interactions between the magnet and other objects. (b) Draw an FBD for the magnet, showing all the forces that act on it. (c) Which of these forces are long-range and which are contact forces? (d) Find the magnitudes of all the forces acting on the magnet.
A woman who weighs \(600 \mathrm{N}\) sits on a chair with her feet on the floor and her arms resting on the chair's armrests. The chair weighs $100 \mathrm{N}\(. Each armrest exerts an upward force of \)25 \mathrm{N}$ on her arms. The seat of the chair exerts an upward force of \(500 \mathrm{N}\). (a) What force does the floor exert on her feet? (b) What force does the floor exert on the chair? (c) Consider the woman and the chair to be a single system. Draw an FBD for this system that includes all of the external forces acting on it.
A toy freight train consists of an engine and three identical cars. The train is moving to the right at constant speed along a straight, level track. Three spring scales are used to connect the cars as follows: spring scale \(A\) is located between the engine and the first car; scale \(\mathrm{B}\) is between the first and second cars; scale \(C\) is between the second and third cars. (a) If air resistance and friction are negligible, what are the relative readings on the three spring scales \(\mathrm{A}, \mathrm{B},\) and \(\mathrm{C} ?\) (b) Repeat part (a), taking air resistance and friction into consideration this time. [Hint: Draw an FBD for the car in the middle. \(]\) (c) If air resistance and friction together cause a force of magnitude \(5.5 \mathrm{N}\) on each car, directed toward the left, find the readings of scales $\mathrm{A}, \mathrm{B},\( and \)\mathrm{C}$
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