The different kinds of motion are: (i) Translatory motion: \(\mathrm{A}\) bus moving on a road, the motion of a rising balloon, the free fall of a stone under gravity, the motion of a cricket ball when it is hit by a batsman are examples of translatory motion. Translatory motion is further classified as rectilinear motion and curvilinear motion. When an object moves along a straight path, its motion is said to be rectilinear motion. The marching of soldiers on a straight road, the motion of a car on a straight road, the motion of carrom board coin are examples of rectilinear motion. When an object moves along curved path, its motion is called curvilinear motion. A bus moving on a fly-over bridge, a car taking a turn, a football kicked from the ground into air all have curvilinear motion. (ii) Rotatory motion: In this type of motion, the object rotates about a fixed axis. The motion of blades of a ceiling fan, the spin motion of a top, the motion of turbine, the motion of the earth around the sun are all circular or rotatory motion. In some cases, the rotatory and translatory motions take place simultaneously. When a bicycle moves, its wheels undergo translatory and rotatory motion. (iii) Oscillatory motion: A boy on a swing moves to-and-fro (back and forth). The motion such as above, where an object moves to-and-fro is called oscillatory motion. Other examples of oscillatory motion are the motion of the pendulum of a clock, the motion of a needle of a sewing machine, the motion of a piston of an engine etc.

Step by step solution

01

(1) Translatory Motion: Definition and Examples

Translatory motion is a type of motion in which an object moves from one point to another. Examples of translatory motion include a bus moving on a road, a rising balloon, a falling stone under gravity, and a cricket ball hit by a batsman.

02

(2) Subcategories of Translatory Motion: Rectilinear and Curvilinear Motion

Translatory motion is divided into two categories based on the path of the motion: - Rectilinear motion: When the object moves along a straight path. Examples include soldiers marching on a straight road, a car moving on a straight road, and the motion of a carrom board coin. - Curvilinear motion: When the object moves along a curved path. Examples include a bus moving on a fly-over bridge, a car taking a turn, and a football kicked into the air.

03

(3) Rotatory Motion: Definition and Examples

Rotatory motion is a type of motion in which an object rotates about a fixed axis. Examples of rotatory motion include the motion of ceiling fan blades, the spin of a top, the motion of a turbine, and the motion of the Earth around the Sun. In some cases, rotatory and translatory motions can occur simultaneously, such as the motion of bicycle wheels.

04

(4) Oscillatory Motion: Definition and Examples

Oscillatory motion is a type of motion in which an object moves back and forth or to-and-fro, generally about a fixed point. Examples of oscillatory motion include a boy on a swing, the pendulum of a clock, the needle of a sewing machine, and the piston of an engine.

Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!

• Full Textbook Solutions

  Get detailed explanations and key concepts

• Unlimited Al creation

  Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...

• Ads-free access

  To over 500 millions flashcards

• Money-back guarantee

  We refund you if you fail your exam.

Start your free trial

Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with Vaia!

Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Translatory Motion

Imagine a car traveling along a highway or a soccer player sprinting towards the goal. These are examples of translatory motion, where an object shifts from one location to another. This type of motion is omnipresent in our daily lives, from vehicles on the street to birds flying in the sky. Translatory motion can be quite intuitive to understand, as it involves a straightforward change in position.

When exploring translatory motion further, we can categorize it into two distinct forms, which are rectilinear motion and curvilinear motion. The principal difference between them lies in the nature of the path an object takes.

Rotatory Motion

Rotatory motion can be most easily visualized when watching a spinning top or the rotation of a ferris wheel. This is the motion that occurs when an object turns around a central axis. Think about the spinning hands of a clock or the rotation of the Earth on its axis; all of these movements represent rotatory motion.

What makes rotatory motion particularly interesting is its combination with other motions, such as translatory motion. This can be seen in a situation like a rolling bowling ball, where it moves forward while simultaneously spinning. In technical terms, the bowling ball possesses angular momentum, which is a measure of its tendency to continue rotating.

Oscillatory Motion

A child on a playground swing or a guitar string that has just been plucked – these are examples that depict oscillatory motion. This type of motion is characterized by movement that goes back and forth around a central point. It's like a pendulum swinging from side to side; the object moves towards one extreme, reverses direction, and heads towards the other extreme.

Oscillatory motion is particularly fascinating because it's at the heart of many natural phenomena and technological applications. For instance, sound waves are a form of oscillatory motion that occur in the air, and quartz crystals inside watches oscillate to keep accurate time.

Rectilinear Motion

Rectilinear motion is the simplest form of translatory motion, where an object moves in a straight line. Visualize an athlete sprinting down a 100-meter track or a car traveling on a straight road. These are classic cases of rectilinear motion, which is often used in physics to introduce the concepts of velocity and acceleration because the path of motion is direct and unidirectional. The lack of curved paths simplifies many calculations, allowing for a more straightforward analysis of an object's movement.

Curvilinear Motion

When objects move along a path that's not straight but instead has curves and bends, they exhibit curvilinear motion. Take the example of a roller coaster zipping through its course or a planet orbiting the sun – these movements trace a curved trajectory. Curvilinear motion encompasses elements of both translatory and occasionally rotatory motion, which can make it more complex to analyze.

The curved paths are often represented mathematically using parametric equations or polar coordinates, providing a way for us to describe the intricate flows of rivers or the graceful arcs of a basketball shot. Understanding curvilinear motion is crucial for fields such as astronomy, engineering, and biomechanics.