(a) What are the higher units of frequency? (b) How is noise pollution determined at a given place? (c) Name some sound absorbing materials.

Short Answer

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Additionally, provide examples of sound-absorbing materials. Answer: The higher units of frequency are Kilohertz (kHz), Megahertz (MHz), Gigahertz (GHz), and Terahertz (THz). Noise pollution is determined by measuring the sound pressure levels in decibels (dB) at a given place using a sound level meter or noise dosimeter at different times and conditions. Some examples of sound-absorbing materials include acoustic foam, fiberglass insulation, mass loaded vinyl (MLV), acoustic ceiling tiles, acoustic fabric panels, and acoustic curtains and blankets.

Step by step solution

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(a) Higher units of frequency

The basic unit of frequency is Hertz (Hz). The higher units of frequency are formed by using the prefix system of the International System of Units (SI). The most common higher units of frequency are: 1. Kilohertz (kHz): 1 kHz = 10^3 Hz 2. Megahertz (MHz): 1 MHz = 10^6 Hz 3. Gigahertz (GHz): 1 GHz = 10^9 Hz 4. Terahertz (THz): 1 THz = 10^12 Hz
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(b) Determining noise pollution at a given place

Noise pollution is determined by measuring the sound pressure levels (SPL) in decibels (dB) at a given place. The process involves the following steps: 1. Choose a suitable sound level meter (SLM) or noise dosimeter to measure the noise pollution levels. 2. Identify the areas or locations to be monitored in the given place, considering factors such as residential areas, HVAC systems, transportation routes, or industrial zones. 3. Set up the SLM or noise dosimeter according to the manufacturer's guidelines and calibrate it using an acoustic calibrator. 4. Take measurements at different times of the day and in varying weather conditions to obtain an accurate representation of the noise pollution levels. 5. Analyze the collected data, and compare them to established noise pollution standards or guidelines to determine if the noise pollution levels are within acceptable limits or if they require further mitigation measures.
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(c) Sound absorbing materials

Sound absorbing materials, also known as acoustic materials, are designed to absorb and reduce the transmission of sound waves. Some common sound absorbing materials include: 1. Acoustic foam: Open-celled foam that is designed to absorb sound waves and reduce reverberation. 2. Fiberglass insulation: Composed of high-density glass fibers to absorb sound and reduce transmission between spaces. 3. Mass loaded vinyl (MLV): A flexible, heavy material that is effective at reducing noise transmission, especially for low-frequency noise. 4. Acoustic ceiling tiles: Made from materials like fiberglass, mineral fiber, or foam, these tiles are designed to absorb sound and reduce echo in a space. 5. Acoustic fabric panels: Combines a sound-absorbing core material with an aesthetically pleasing fabric cover, which can be mounted on walls or ceilings to help reduce noise transmission. 6. Acoustic curtains and blankets: Heavy, dense fabrics designed to absorb sound and reduce noise transmission through windows or doors.

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