A glass rod ' \(\mathrm{P}^{\prime}\) is observed to be attracting an ebonite rod ' \(\mathrm{Q}\) ', then (1) 'P' and 'Q' are uncharged bodies. (2) both 'P' and 'Q' are charged with identical charge. (3) both 'P' and 'Q' are charged oppositely. (4) either 'P' is charged, or 'Q' is charged. If both are charged, they are opposite in nature.

When two charged objects interact, they can either attract or repel each other. The main principle is like charges repel, and opposite charges attract. Objects can be charged positively, negatively, or not charged at all (neutral). Step 2: Analyzing the given options

Let's look at each statement and determine which one makes sense based on the behavior of charged objects. - (1) 'P' and 'Q' are both uncharged bodies: This statement is incorrect because if both rods were uncharged, there would be no attraction or repulsion between them. - (2) Both 'P' and 'Q' are charged with identical charges: This statement is also incorrect because if both rods had identical charges, they would repel each other, not attract as described in the problem statement. - (3) Both 'P' and 'Q' are charged oppositely: This statement is correct because when two objects have opposite charges, they attract each other, which matches the behavior described in the problem statement. - (4) Either 'P' is charged or 'Q' is charged. If both are charged, they are opposite in nature: This statement is incorrect because even if just one of the rods is charged, it will attract neutral objects due to the polarization of charges, but there is no reason given in the problem to believe that one of them is charged and the other is not. Step 3: Choosing the correct statement

Based on our analysis in Step 2, we find that statement (3) both 'P' and 'Q' are charged oppositely is the correct explanation for the attraction observed between the glass rod (P) and the ebonite rod (Q). Thus, the correct answer is (3) both 'P' and 'Q' are charged oppositely.