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Chapter 6: Problem 31

Write the following steps in sequential order to prove that like charges repel each other. (a) Take two glass rods. (b) Now bring these two charged rods nearer. (c) Charge them by rubbing each glass rod with a silk cloth. (d) The glass rods repel each other showing that like charges repel each other. (1) abcd (2) acbd (3) dcba (4) bdac

Short Answer

Expert verified
Question: Arrange the following steps in the correct order to demonstrate that like charges repel each other using two glass rods: a) Bring the charged rods closer, b) Observe the behavior of the rods, c) Take two glass rods, and d) Charge the glass rods. Answer: (2) acbd

Step by step solution

01

Take two glass rods

Get two glass rods of similar size and shape. This ensures that you compare like charges.
02

Charge the glass rods

Rub each glass rod with a silk cloth to charge them. When rubbed with silk, glass rods become positively charged due to the transfer of electrons from the glass to the silk.
03

Bring the charged rods closer

Slowly bring the two charged glass rods nearer to each other without them touching.
04

Observe the behavior of the rods

By observing the behavior of the charged glass rods as they are brought close to each other, you will notice that they repel each other. This indicates that like charges cause repulsion. Based on the analysis and the correct sequence of steps, the answer is (2) acbd.

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Static Electricity
Static electricity comes into play when there's an imbalance of electric charges within or on the surface of a material. This imbalance occurs when certain materials are rubbed together, resulting in electrons being transferred from one object to another.

For example, when you walk across a carpet and then touch a doorknob, you might feel a shock. This shock is the sudden flow of electrons from your body to the doorknob, seeking to balance out the charge difference. The buildup of charges is what causes the phenomenon we know as static electricity.
Charging by Friction
Charging by friction is the process that creates static electricity when two different materials come into contact and are then separated. As they rub against each other, one material will tend to strip away some electrons from the other.

Let's consider the textbook exercise: when a glass rod is rubbed with silk, electrons move from the glass to the silk cloth, leaving the glass rod with a positive charge and the silk cloth with an equivalent negative charge. Hence, charging by friction can create an electrically charged object that has either more electrons (negative charge) or fewer electrons (positive charge) than normal.
Electric Charge Behavior
The behavior of electric charges is governed by some fundamental principles, one of which is that like charges repel and unlike charges attract. When two charged objects are brought together, they exert a force on each other.

If the objects have the same type of charge, either positive or negative, they will repel one another. In contrast, if one object has a positive charge and the other a negative charge, they will attract each other. This interaction is particularly noticeable when objects are charged to a high degree, as with the glass rods in the exercise.
Electrostatics
Electrostatics is the study of stationary electric charges or static electricity. It deals with the forces between charges that are not moving.

In the educational exercise, when the glass rods, charged by friction, are brought close to each other, they repel, which is a direct demonstration of electrostatic forces at work. Understanding electrostatics is crucial not only in theoretical physics but also in practical applications like designing materials that prevent static build-up, which could be harmful in certain environments such as operating rooms or electronics manufacturing facilities.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

An uncharged body ' \(\mathrm{X}\) ' is brought into contact with a negatively charged body 'Y', then, (1) 'X' gains negative charge. (2) 'Y' loses negative charge. (3) negative charge gained by ' \(\mathrm{X}\) ' is equal to the negative charge lost by ' \(\mathrm{Y}\) '. (4) All the above

The device that can be used to detect the presence of current in a circuit is (1) magnetic compass (2) cell (3) an inverter (4) voltmeter

Which charged particle is free to move within the body as well as from one body to another body?

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