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Chapter 8: Problem 14

The gravitational effect of which of the following causes tides in the sea? (1) Jupiter (2) Sun (3) Moon (4) Both (2) and (3)

Short Answer

Expert verified
a) Jupiter b) Sun c) Moon d) Both (b) and (c) Answer: d) Both (b) and (c)

Step by step solution

01

Understanding Tides

Tides are the regular rising and falling of sea levels caused by the gravitational forces exerted by celestial bodies. The most influential celestial bodies for Earth's tides are the Moon and the Sun due to their proximity and mass.
02

Evaluating Choice 1 - Jupiter

While Jupiter is the largest planet in our solar system, it is considerably farther away from Earth compared to the Moon and the Sun. Due to its distance, its gravitational influence on our tides is negligible, so it is not the correct answer.
03

Evaluating Choice 2 - Sun

The Sun, despite being approximately 333,000 times more massive than the Moon, is about 400 times farther away from Earth. This distance reduces its gravitational effect on the Earth's tides, but it still has a significant impact. So, the Sun contributes to the tides.
04

Evaluating Choice 3 - Moon

The Moon, being the closest celestial body to Earth, has a dominant impact on our tides. Despite being much smaller than the Sun, its proximity to Earth means that it has a more significant gravitational effect, causing higher tides when it is closer to Earth. Thus, the Moon contributes to the tides.
05

Evaluating Choice 4 - Both (2) and (3)

We have already determined that both the Sun (Choice 2) and the Moon (Choice 3) contribute to Earth's tides, although the Moon has a more significant effect due to its proximity. The combination of the Sun and the Moon's gravitational influences causes tides in the sea. Therefore, the correct choice is (4) Both (2) and (3).

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