The gravitational constant depends upon (1) the size of the bodies (2) the mass of the bodies (3) distance between the bodies (4) None of these

The gravitational constant, denoted as G, is a proportionality constant that is crucial for calculating the gravitational force between two objects or celestial bodies. Its value is the same everywhere in the universe and does not change, regardless of the specific mass and distance of the objects/bodies in question.

Now that we understand the gravitational constant is a proportionality constant, let's analyze each statement to see if it depends on the gravitational constant: (1) The size of the bodies: The gravitational force depends on the mass of the bodies, not their size; hence, the gravitational constant does not depend on the size of the bodies. (2) The mass of the bodies: Again, the gravitational constant (G) is a constant value and does not depend on the mass of the bodies; however, the gravitational force between two bodies does depend on their mass. (3) Distance between the bodies: The gravitational constant (G) does not depend on the distance between the bodies. However, the gravitational force between two bodies depends on the inverse square of the distance between them. (4) None of these: Since the gravitational constant is a proportionality constant with a fixed value, it does not depend on any of the factors listed in the statements.

The correct statement is (4) None of these, as the gravitational constant (G) does not depend on any of the factors provided in the exercise.