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Chapter 8: Problem 56

Write short notes on India's space program.

Short Answer

Expert verified
Briefly describe India's space program, its history, objectives, milestones, and some notable missions. India's space program is led by the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) and focuses on satellite-based communication, remote sensing, and meteorological systems. It began in the early 1960s with the establishment of the Indian National Committee for Space Research (INCOSPAR) by Vikram Sarabhai and later formed ISRO in 1969. Its objectives concentrate on addressing India's needs in communication, observation, navigation, and meteorology. Major milestones include the launch of the Indian Remote Sensing (IRS) satellite system in 1988, and the development of the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) in 1993, and Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV). Notable missions include Chandrayaan-1 (2008), Mars Orbiter Mission (2013), Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (2018), and Chandrayaan-2 (2019).

Step by step solution

01

Introduction

India's space program, led by the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO), plays a crucial role in the nation's development through satellite-based communication, remote sensing, and meteorological systems. Here, we will briefly outline the history and evolution of India's space program, its objectives and milestones, and some of its notable missions.
02

History

India's space program began in the early 1960s with the establishment of the Indian National Committee for Space Research (INCOSPAR) by Vikram Sarabhai. Later in 1969, Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) was formed as a successor to INCOSPAR. The first Indian satellite, Aryabhata, was launched in 1975 with the help of the Soviet Union. Over the years, India has developed various satellite systems, launch vehicles, and executed successful space missions.
03

Objectives and Milestones

India's space program aims to address the nation's needs in various sectors, including communication, observation, navigation, and meteorology. Some major milestones include the launch of the Indian Remote Sensing (IRS) satellite system in 1988, the development of the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) in 1993, and later the Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV).
04

Notable Missions

India has undertaken several notable missions in its space program journey. Here are a few: 1. Chandrayaan-1 (2008): India's first lunar mission equipped with instruments to study the lunar surface and discovered evidence of water molecules on the moon. 2. Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM, 2013): Also known as "Mangalyaan," this mission marked India's first interplanetary venture and made India the first Asian country to enter Mars' orbit and the fourth in the world. 3. Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS, 2018): A set of seven satellites, also known as 'NavIC,' provides India with an independent regional satellite navigation system. 4. Chandrayaan-2 (2019): India's second lunar mission aimed to explore the moon's uncharted south polar region. Overall, India's space program has demonstrated impressive capabilities, achievements, and a continuous commitment to expanding their space frontiers.

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