Pennies today are copper-covered zinc, but older pennies are $3.1g$of solid copper. What are the total positive charge and total negative charge in a solid copper penny that is electrically neutral?

When matter is exposed to an electrostatic energy, it gains an electric charge and experience a force. There might be a positive or negative electric charge. Charges with comparable charges attract each other, but charges with different charges attract one and other. An object that has no neutral loss is referred to be "neutral."

First, we'll figure out how many moles there are in $m=3.1g$of copper. Copper has a molar mass of $M=63.55g/mol$.

$n=\frac{m}{M}$

Then we figure out how many copper atoms are in the penny:

$N=n{N}_{\mathrm{A}}=\frac{m}{M}{N}_{\mathrm{A}}$

where the Avogadro's constant is $N_A$. Copper has $Z=29$protons and$Z=29$electrons in each atom. Every proton and electron have the same charge of $e=1.60\times {10}^{-19}C$, but electrons have a negative charge whereas protons have a positive charge. As a result, the overall positive charge is

$q^{(+)}=ZNe=29\frac{m}{M}{N}_{\mathrm{A}}e$

Therefore,

role="math" localid="1650360689506" $q^{(+)}=1.36\times {10}^5\mathrm{C}$

The overall negative cahrge is

$q^{(-)}=-1.36\times {10}^5\mathrm{C}$