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Chapter 5: Q. 50 (page 130)
Problems 42 through 52 describe a situation. For each, draw a motion diagram, a force-identification diagram, and a free-body diagram.
Your friend went for a loop-the-loop ride at the amusement
park. Her car is upside down at the top of the loop.
abc
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Problems 42 through 52 describe a situation. For each, draw a motion diagram, a force-identification diagram, and a free-body diagram.
You are a rock climber going upward at a steady pace on a
vertical wall.
If a car stops suddenly, you feel “thrown forward.” We’d like to understand what happens to the passengers as a car stops. Imagine yourself sitting on a very slippery bench inside a car. This bench has no friction, no seat back, and there’s nothing for you to hold onto. a. Draw a picture and identify all of the forces acting on you as the car travels at a perfectly steady speed on level ground. b. Draw your free-body diagram. Is there a net force on you? If so, in which direction? c. Repeat parts a and b with the car slowing down. d. Describe what happens to you as the car slows down. e. Use Newton’s laws to explain why you seem to be “thrown forward” as the car stops. Is there really a force pushing you forward? f. Suppose now that the bench is not slippery. As the car slows down, you stay on the bench and don’t slide off. What force is responsible for your deceleration? In which direction does this force point? Include a free-body diagram as part of your answer.
For an object starting from rest and accelerating with constant acceleration, distance traveled is proportional to the square of the time. If an object travels 2.0 furlongs in the first 2.0 s, how far will it travel in the first 4.0 s?
Problems 35 through 40 show a free-body diagram. For each:
a. Identify the direction of the acceleration vector au and show it as a vector next to your diagram. Or, if appropriate, write
b. If possible, identify the direction of the velocity vector and show it as a labeled vector.
c. Write a short description of a real object for which this is the
correct free-body diagram. Use Examples 5.4, 5.5, and 5.6 as
models of what a description should be like.
In lab, you propel a cart with four known forces while using an
ultrasonic motion detector to measure the cart’s acceleration. Your data are as follows:
a. How should you graph these data so as to determine the mass of the cart from the slope of the line? That is, what values
should you graph on the horizontal axis and what on the
vertical axis?
b. Is there another data point that would be reasonable to add,
even though you made no measurements? If so, what is it?
c. What is your best determination of the cart’s mass?
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