Chapter 21: Q. 12 (page 594)
A gas following the trajectory of FIGURE does of work per cycle. What is ?
A gas following the trajectory of FIGURE does of work per cycle. What is ?
Short Answer
The value of.
Chapter 21: Q. 12 (page 594)
A gas following the trajectory of FIGURE does of work per cycle. What is ?
The value of.
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The ideal gas in a Carnot engine extracts of heat energy during the isothermal expansion at . How much heat energy is exhausted during the isothermal compression at
The FIGURE shows the Diesel cycle. It is similar to the Otto cycle (see Problem), but there are two important differences. First, the fuel is not admitted until the air is fully compressed at point . Because of the high temperature at the end of adiabatic compression, the fuel begins to burn spontaneously. (There are no spark plugs in a diesel engine!) Second, combustion takes place more slowly, with fuel continuing to be injected. This makes the ignition stage a constant-pressure process. The cycle shown, for one cylinder of a diesel engine, has a displacement localid="1650278379201" of localid="1650278390412" and a compression ratio localid="1650278397535" These are typical values for a diesel truck. The engine operates with intake air localid="1650278425123" at localid="1650278430754" and localid="1650278435051" pressure. The quantity of fuel injected into the cylinder has a heat of combustion of localid="1650278440305" .
. Find , , and at each of the four corners of the cycle. Display your results in a table.
. What is the network done by the cylinder during one full cycle?
. What is the thermal efficiency of this engine?
. What is the power output in kW and horsepower of an eight-cylinder diesel engine running at ?
Engineers testing the efficiency of an electric generator gradually vary the temperature of the hot steam used to power it while leaving the temperature of the cooling water at a constant . They find that the generator’s efficiency increases at a rate at steam temperatures near . What is the ratio of the generator’s efficiency to the efficiency of a Carnot engine?
Which, if any, of the refrigerators in FIGURE EX21.23 violate (a) the first law of thermodynamics or (b) the second law of thermodynamics? Explain.
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