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Chapter 11: Q. 37 (page 288)
A rocket in deep space has an exhaust-gas speed of 2000 m/s. When the rocket is fully loaded, the mass of the fuel is five times the mass of the empty rocket. What is the rocket’s speed when half the fuel has been burned?
The speed of the rocket when half fuel is burned is .
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A marble moving at strikes a marble at rest. What is the speed of each marble immediately after the collision?
Angie, Brad, and Carlos are discussing a physics problem in which two identical bullets are fired with equal speeds at equalmass wood and steel blocks resting on a frictionless table. One bullet bounces off the steel block while the second becomes embedded in the wood block. “All the masses and speeds are the same,” says Angie, “so I think the blocks will have equal speeds after the collisions.” “But what about momentum?” asks Brad. “The bullet hitting the wood block transfers all its momentum and energy to the block, so the wood block should end up going faster than the steel block.” “I think the bounce is an important factor,” replies Carlos. “The steel block will be faster because the bullet bounces off it and goes back the other direction.” Which of these three do you agree with, and why?
Fred (mass ) is running with the football at a speed of when he is met head-on by Brutus (mass ), who is moving at . Brutus grabs Fred in a tight grip, and they fall to the ground. Which way do they slide, and how far? The coefficient of kinetic friction between football uniforms and Astroturf is .
A neutron is an electrically neutral subatomic particle with a mass just slightly greater than that of a proton. A free neutron is radioactive and decays after a few minutes into other subatomic particles. In one experiment, a neutron at rest was observed to decay into a proton and an electron . The proton and electron were shot out back-to-back. The proton speed was measured to be and the electron speed was . No other decay products were detected.
a. Did momentum seem to be conserved in the decay of this neutron?
b. If a neutrino was emitted in the above neutron decay, in which direction did it travel? Explain your reasoning.
c. How much momentum did this neutrino “carry away” with it?
It feels better to catch a hard ball while wearing a padded glove than to catch it bare handed. Use the ideas of this chapter to explain why
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