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Chapter 42: Q 34 Exercise (page 1237)
1.5 Gy of gamma radiation are directed into a 150 g tumour
during radiation therapy. How much energy does the tumour
absorb?
Hence, tumour absorbs the energy of
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Apple A in FIGURE Q42.8 is strongly irradiated by nuclear radiation for 1 hour. Apple B is not irradiated. Afterward, in what ways
are apples A and B different?
Stars are powered by nuclear reactions that fuse hydrogen into helium. The fate of many stars, once most of the hydrogen is used up, is to collapse, under gravitational pull, into a neutron star. The force of gravity becomes so large that protons and electrons are fused into neutrons in the reaction . The entire star is then a tightly packed ball of neutrons with the density of nuclear matter.
a. Suppose the sun collapses into a neutron star. What will its radius be? Give your answer in .
b. The sun's rotation period is now 27 days. What will its rotation period be after it collapses?
Rapidly rotating neutron stars emit pulses of radio waves at the rotation frequency and are known as pulsars.
The fact that A cancels means that all nuclei have this density. It is a staggeringly large density, roughly 1014 times larger than the density of familiar liquids and solids. One early objection to Rutherford’s model of a nuclear atom was that matter simply couldn’t have a density this high. Although we have no direct experience with such matter, nuclear matter really is this dense .
The barium isotope 131Ba has a half-life of 12 days. A 250 mg
sample of 131Ba is prepared. What is the mass of 131Ba after
(a) 1 day, (b) 10 days, and (c) 100 days?
The half-life of the uranium isotope is million years. The earth is approximately localid="1650486537957" billion years old. How much more was there when the earth formed than there is today? Give your answer as the then-to-now ratio.
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