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Chapter 42: Q.53 (page 1237)
A sample contains radioactive atoms of two types, A and B. Initially there are five times as many A atoms as there are B atoms. Two hours later, the numbers of the two atoms are equal. The half-life of A is 0.50 hour. What is the half-life of B?
Activity of a radioactive substance after a time t
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Beta-plus decay is
a. Determine the mass threshold for beta-plus decay. That is, what is the minimum atomic mass mX for which this decay is energetically possible? Your answer will be in terms of the atomic mass mY and the electron mass me.
b. Can 13 N undergo beta-plus decay into 13 C? If so, how much energy is released in the decay?
What is the total energy (in MeV) released in the beta-minus
decay of 3H?
Particle accelerators fire protons at target nuclei so that investigators can study the nuclear reactions that occur. In one experiment, the proton needs to have 20 MeV of kinetic energy as it impacts a 207 Pb nucleus. With what initial kinetic energy (in MeV) must the proton be fired toward the lead target? Assume the nucleus stays at rest
137 Cs is a common product of nuclear fission. Suppose an accident spills 550 mCi of 137 Cs in a lab room.
a. What mass of 137 Cs is spilled?
b. If the spill is not cleaned up, how long will it take until the radiation level drops to an acceptable level, for a room this size, of 25 mCi?
Identify the unknown isotope X in the following decays.
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