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Chapter 38: Q.28 (page 1115)
I What is the radius of a hydrogen atom whose electron is bound by ?
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In the atom interferometer experiment of Figure , laser cooling techniques were used to cool a dilute vapor of sodium atoms to a temperature of . The ultracold atoms passed through a series of collimating apertures to form the atomic beam you see circling the figure from the left. The standing light waves were created from a laser beam with a wavelength of .
a. What is the rms speed of a sodium atom in a gas at temperature ?
b. By treating the laser beam as if it were a diffraction grating. Calculate the first-order diffraction angle of a sodium atom traveling at the rms speed of part a.
c. how far apart are the points and if the second sanding wave is from the first?
d. Because interference is observed between the two paths, each individual atom is apparently present at both points and point Describe, in your own words, what this experiment tells you about the nature of matter.
An electron confined in a one-dimensional box emits a 200 nm photon in a quantum jump from n=2 to n =1. What is the length of the box?
A 100 W incandescent lightbulb emits about 5 W of visible light. (The other 95 W are emitted as infrared radiation or lost as heat to the surroundings.) The average wavelength of the visible light is about 600 nm, so make the simplifying assumption that all the light has this wavelength. How many visible-light photons does the bulb emit per second?
a. A negatively charged electroscope can be discharged by shining an ultraviolet light on it. How does this happen?
b. You might think that an ultraviolet light shining on an initially uncharged electroscope would cause the electroscope to become positively charged as photoelectrons are emitted. In fact, ultraviolet light has no noticeable effect on an uncharged electroscope. Why not?
Very large, hot stars—much hotter than our sun—can be identified by the way in which ions in their atmosphere absorb light. What are the three longest wavelengths, in nm, in the Balmer series of ?
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