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Chapter 17: Q6. (page 483)
FIGURE EX17.6 shows a standing wave on a 2.0-m-long string that has been fixed at both ends and tightened until the wave speed is 40 m/s. What is the frequency?
40Hz
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Deep-sea divers often breathe a mixture of helium and oxygen to avoid getting the “bends” from breathing high-pressure nitrogen. The helium has the side effect of making the divers’ voices sound odd. Although your vocal tract can be roughly described as an open-closed tube, the way you hold your mouth and position your lips greatly affects the standing-wave frequencies of the vocal tract. This is what allows different vowels to sound different. The “ee” sound is made by shaping your vocal tract to have standing- wave frequencies at, normally, 270 Hz and 2300 Hz. What will these frequencies be for a helium-oxygen mixture in which the speed of sound at body temperature is 750 m/s? The speed of sound in air at body temperature is 350 m/s.
A carbon dioxide laser is an infrared laser. A CO2 laser with a cavity length of 53.00 cm oscillates in the m = 100,000 mode. What are the wavelength and frequency of the laser beam?
As the captain of the scientific team sent to Planet Physics, one
of your tasks is to measure g. You have a long, thin wire labeled
1.00 g/m and a 1.25 kg weight. You have your accurate space cadet
chronometer but, unfortunately, you seem to have forgotten a
meter stick. Undeterred, you first find the midpoint of the wire by
folding it in half. You then attach one end of the wire to the wall
of your laboratory, stretch it horizontally to pass over a pulley at
the midpoint of the wire, then tie the 1.25 kg weight to the end
hanging over the pulley. By vibrating the wire, and measuring
time with your chronometer, you find that the wire’s second harmonic
frequency is 100 Hz. Next, with the 1.25 kg weight still
tied to one end of the wire, you attach the other end to the ceiling
to make a pendulum. You find that the pendulum requires 314 s to
complete 100 oscillations. Pulling out your trusty calculator, you
get to work. What value of g will you report back to headquarters?
Two loudspeakers in a room emit 686 Hz sound waves
along the x-axis.
a. If the speakers are in phase, what is the smallest distance between the speakers for which the interference of the sound
waves is maximum destructive?
b. If the speakers are out of phase, what is the smallest distance
between the speakers for which the interference of the sound
waves is maximum constructive?
A bass clarinet can be modeled as a 120-cm-long open-closed tube. A bass clarinet player starts playing in a 20°C room, but soon the air inside the clarinet warms to where the speed of sound is 352 m/s. Does the fundamental frequency increase or decrease? By how much?
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