Chapter 20: Q. 31 (page 567)
of a monatomic gas interacts thermally with of an elemental solid. The gas temperature decreases by at constant volume. What is the temperature change of the solid?
Short Answer
The temperature change the solid in
Chapter 20: Q. 31 (page 567)
of a monatomic gas interacts thermally with of an elemental solid. The gas temperature decreases by at constant volume. What is the temperature change of the solid?
The temperature change the solid in
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Get started for free9. Suppose you place an ice cube in a beaker of room-temperature water, then seal them in a rigid, well-insulated container. No energy can enter or leave the container.
a. If you open the container an hour later, will you find a beaker of water slightly cooler than room temperature, or a large ice cube and some steam?
b. Finding a large ice cube and some steam would not violate the first law of thermodynamics. and because the container is sealed, and because the increase in thermal energy of the water molecules that became steam is offset by the decrease in thermal energy of the water molecules that turned to ice. Energy would be conserved, yet we never see an outcome like this. Why not?
The two containers of gas in FIGURE Q20.8 are in good thermal contact with each other but well insulated from the environment. They have been in contact for a long time and are in thermal equilibrium.
a. Is of helium greater than, less than, or equal to of argon? Explain.
b. Does the helium have more thermal energy, less thermal energy, or the same amount of thermal energy as the argon? Explain.
FIGURE EX20.10 is a histogram showing the speeds of the molecules in a very small gas. What are
(a) the most probable speed,
(b) the average speed, and
(c) the rms speed?
A ball is at rest on the floor in a room of air at . Air is nitrogen and oxygen by volume.
a. What is the thermal energy of the air in the room?
b. What fraction of the thermal energy would have to be conveyed to the ball for it to be spontaneously launched to a height of ?
c. By how much would the air temperature have to decrease to launch the ball?
d. Your answer to part is so small as to be unnoticeable, yet this event never happens. Why not?
nitrogen molecules collide with a wall each second. Assume that the molecules all travel with a speed of and strike the wall head-on. What is the pressure on the wall?
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