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Chapter 19: Q. 10 (page 543)

A gas is compressed from 600 cm3 to 200 cm3 at a constant pressure of 400 kPa. At the same time, 100 J of heat energy is transferred out of the gas. What is the change in thermal energy of the gas during this process?

Short Answer

Expert verified

The value of Thermal energy is 60J

Step by step solution

01

Definition of first law of thermodynamics

First law of thermodynamics define the energy does not create or destroy in the universe

02

Finding the value of thermal energy 

As Ethi=W+Q

role="math" localid="1649081639395" W=-p∆V

Now

role="math" localid="1649081525941" ∆V=Vf-Vi=200-600cm3

Now ∆V is converted from cm to m -4×10-4m3

applying all values

W=-p∆V=(400×103Pa)(-4×10-4m3)=-160J

So, the thermal energy is

∆Ethi=-w+Q=160-100J=60J

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Most popular questions from this chapter

The gas cylinder in Figure Q19.10 is well insulated except for the bottom surface, which is in contact with a block of ice.

The piston can slide without friction. The initial gas temperature is

a. During the process that occurs until

the gas reaches a new equilibrium, are

(i) ∆T, (ii) W, and (iii) Q greater than, less than, or equal to zero? Explain.

b. Draw a pV diagram showing the process.

A 5.0 g ice cube at -20°C is in a rigid, sealed container from which all the air has been evacuated. How much heat is required to change this ice cube into steam at 200°C? Steam has CV = 1500 J/kgK and CP = 1960 J/kgK

A 6.0cmdiameter cylinder of nitrogen gas has a 4.0cm-thick movable copper piston. The cylinder is oriented vertically, as shown in FIGURE P19.50, and the air above the piston is evacuated. When the gas temperature is20∘C,the piston floats 20cmabove the bottom of the cylinder.

a. What is the gas pressure?

b. How many gas molecules are in the cylinder? Then 20∘Cof heat energy are transferred to the gas.

c. What is the new equilibrium temperature of the gas?

d. What is the final height of the piston?

e. How much work is done on the gas as the piston rises?

The sun's intensity at the distance of the earth is 1370W/m2. 30%of this energy is reflected by water and clouds; 70% is absorbed. What would be the earth's average temperature (in C∘) if the earth had no atmosphere? The emissivity of the surface is very close to 1 . (The actual average temperature of the earth, about 15°C, is higher than your calculation because of the greenhouse effect.)

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