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Chapter 4: Q5. (page 98)

Only one force acts on an object. Can the object have zero acceleration? Can it have zero velocity? Explain.

Short Answer

Expert verified

The acceleration of the object will not be zero, but the velocity of the can will be zero.

Step by step solution

01

Step 1. Relation between velocity and acceleration

The acceleration of an object is equal to the rate of change of velocity of the object.

02

Step 2. Checking whether the object can have zero acceleration

According to Newton’s second law, you know that acceleration is directly proportional to the net force applied and follows the relation

F=ma.

Here, m is the mass of the object, F is the net force applied, and a is the acceleration.

Since only a single force is being applied, the object experiences a net force, and thus, it will experience a non-zero acceleration.

03

Step 3. Checking whether the object can have zero velocity

We have concluded that the object will have a non-zero acceleration, which means that the velocity of the object will change with time. However, it can still be zero at any point in time.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

(a) Why do you push down harder on the pedals of a bicycle when first starting out than when moving at a constant speed? (b) Why do you need to pedal at all when the cycle is at a constant speed?

Two crates, of mass 65 kg and 125 kg, are in contact and at rest on a horizontal surface (Fig. 4–57). A 650-N force is exerted on the 65-kg crate. If the coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.18, calculate (a) the acceleration of the system, and (b) the force that each crate exerts on the other (c) Repeat with the crates reversed.

FIGURE 4-57Problem 49.

A window washer pulls herself upward using the bucket–pulley apparatus shown in Fig. 4–48. (a) How hard must she pull downward to raise herself slowly at constant speed? (b) If she increases this force by 15%, what will her acceleration be? The mass of the person plus the bucket is 72 kg.

Arlene is to walk across a “high wire” strung horizontally between two buildings 10.0 m apart. The sag in the rope when she is at the midpoint is 10.0°, as shown in Fig. 4–47. If her mass is 50.0 kg, what is the tension in the rope at this point?

Drag-race tires in contact with an asphalt surface have a very high coefficient of static friction. Assuming a constant acceleration and no slipping of tires, estimate the coefficient of static friction needed for a drag racer to cover 1.0 km in 12 s, starting from rest.
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