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Chapter 10: Q20P (page 260)
(II) Determine the minimum gauge pressure needed in the water pipe leading into a building if water is to come out of a faucet on the fourteenth floor, 44 m above that pipe.
The minimum gauge pressure is 0.43 x 106 Pa.
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What diameter must a \({\bf{15}}{\bf{.5}}\;{\bf{m}}\)-long air duct have if the ventilation and heating system is to replenish the air in a \({\bf{8}}{\bf{.0}}\;{\bf{m \times 14}}{\bf{.0}}\;{\bf{m \times 4}}{\bf{.0}}\;{\bf{m}}\) room every \({\bf{15}}{\bf{.0}}\;{\bf{min}}\)? Assume the pump can exert a gauge pressure of \({\bf{0}}{\bf{.710 \times 1}}{{\bf{0}}^{\bf{3}}}\;{\bf{atm}}\).
(III) The Earth is not a uniform sphere, but has regions of varying density. Consider a simple model of the Earth divided into three regions—inner core, outer core, and mantle. Each region is taken to have a unique constant density (the average density of that region in the real Earth):
(a) Use this model to predict the average density of the entire Earth. (b) If the radius of the Earth is 6380 km and its mass is 5.98 × 1024Kg, determine the actual average density of the Earth and compare it (as a percent difference) with the one you determined in (a).
Intravenous transfusions are often made under gravity, as shown in Fig. 10–55. Assuming the fluid has a density of \({\bf{1}}{\bf{.00\;g/c}}{{\bf{m}}^{\bf{3}}}\)at what height h should the bottle be placed so the liquid pressure is (a) 52 mm-Hg, and (b) \({\bf{680\;mm - }}{{\bf{H}}_{\bf{2}}}{\bf{O?}}\)(c) If the blood pressure is 75 mm-Hg above atmospheric pressure, how high should the bottle be placed so that the fluid just barely enters the vein?
Question: A simple model (Fig. 10–56) considers a continent as a block (density\( \approx {\bf{2800}}\;{\bf{kg/}}{{\bf{m}}^{\bf{3}}}\)) floating in the mantle rock around it (density\( \approx {\bf{3300}}\;{\bf{kg/}}{{\bf{m}}^{\bf{3}}}\)). Assuming the continent is 35 km thick (the average thickness of the Earth’s continental crust), estimate the height of the continent above the surrounding mantle rock.
Figure 10-56
Why don’t ships made of the iron sink?
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