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Chapter 14: Q21Q (page 390)

Explain why air temperature readings are always taken with the thermometer in the shade.

Short Answer

Expert verified

In the presence of direct sunlight, the thermometer's reading is higher than the normal air temperature.

Step by step solution

01

Concepts

The level of mercury increases in the presence of sunlight because the emissivity of mercury is higher than air.

02

Explanation

In the presence of direct sunlight, the thermometer's reading is higher than the normal air temperature. This is because mercury can heat up in the presence of sunlight due to its emissivity. The thermometer will not reach the equilibrium temperature with the air accurately and may give a false reading. Hence, it is better to take the reading in the shade to measure the correct air temperature.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

(II)Determine the energy content of 100 g of Karen’s fudge cookies from the following measurements. A 10-g sample of a cookie is allowed to dry before putting it in a bomb calorimeter (page 396). The aluminum bomb has a mass of 0.615 kg and is placed in 2.00 kg of water contained in an aluminum calorimeter cup of mass 0.524 kg. The initial temperature of the system is 15.0°C, and its temperature after ignition is 36.0°C.

Which of the following happens when a material undergoes a phase change?

(a) The temperature changes.

(b) The chemical composition changes.

(c) Heat flows into or out of the material.

(d) The molecules break apart into atoms.

(II) How long does it take the Sun to melt a block of ice at 0°C with a flat horizontal area \({\bf{1}}{\bf{.0}}\;{{\bf{m}}^{\bf{2}}}\) and thickness 1.0 cm? Assume that the Sun’s rays make an angle of 35° with the vertical and that the emissivity of ice is 0.050

(II) A 55-g bullet traveling at 250 m/s penetrates a block of ice at 0°C and comes to rest within the ice. Assuming that the temperature of the bullet does not change appreciably, how much ice is melted as a result of the collision?

(II) A 64-kg ice-skater moving at 7.5 m/s glides to a stop. Assuming the ice to be at 0°C and that 50% of the heat generated by friction is absorbed by the ice, how much ice melts?
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