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Chapter 7: Q15Q (page 170)

Cars used to be built as rigid as possible to withstand collisions. Today, though, cars are designed to have “crumple zones” that collapse upon impact. What is the advantage of this new design?

Short Answer

Expert verified

The damage is lowered due to the presence of the crumple zone during a collision.

Step by step solution

01

Relation between the impact forces and duration of time

The change in momentum with a long duration of time decreases the impact force.

Let\(\Delta P\)be the change in momentum during a collision. The car takes\(\Delta t\)time of interaction during the collision.

Therefore, the average force acting on the car during the collision is:

\(F = \frac{{\Delta P}}{{\Delta t}}\)

02

Advantage of crumple zone

Due to the presence of a crumple zone in cars, the time of interaction during collision is increased. Therefore, the average impact force on the car decreases as the change in momentum is the product of impact force and time of interaction.

As the impact force decreases, the damage caused to occupants in the car also decreases.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

You have been hired as an expert witness in a court case involving an automobile accident. The accident involved car A of mass 1500 kg which crashed into stationary car B of mass 1100 kg. The driver of car A applied his brakes 15 m before he skidded and crashed into car B. After the collision, car A slid 18 m while car B slid 30 m. The coefficient of kinetic friction between the locked wheels and the road was measured to be 0.60. Show that the driver of car A was exceeding the 55-mi/h (90 km/h) speed limit before applying the brakes.

A meteor whose mass was about \(1.5 \times {10^8}\;{\rm{kg}}\) struck the Earth \(\left( {{m_{\rm{E}}} = 6.0 \times {{10}^{24}}\;{\rm{kg}}} \right)\) with a speed of about 25 km/s and came to rest in the Earth.

(a) What was the Earth’s recoil speed (relative to Earth at rest before the collision)?

(b) What fraction of the meteor’s kinetic energy was transformed to kinetic energy of the Earth?

(c) By how much did the Earth’s kinetic energy change as a result of this collision?

(I) The distance between a carbon atom \(\left( {{\bf{m = 12}}\;{\bf{u}}} \right)\) and an oxygen atom \(\left( {{\bf{m = 16}}\;{\bf{u}}} \right)\) in the CO molecule is \({\bf{1}}{\bf{.13 \times 1}}{{\bf{0}}^{{\bf{10}}}}\;{\bf{m}}\) How far from the carbon atom is the center of mass of the molecule?

(II) Calculate the force exerted on a rocket when the propelling gases are being expelled at a rate of 1300 kg/s with a speed of \(4.5 \times {10^4}\;{\rm{m/s}}\).

(I) A constant friction force of 25 N acts on a 65-kg skier for 15 s on level snow. What is the skier’s change in velocity?
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