Question:(I) (a) What is the angular momentum of a 2.8-kg uniform cylindrical grinding wheel of radius 28 cm when rotating at 1300 rpm? (b) How much torque is required to stop it in 6.0 s?

Short Answer

Expert verified

The results for parts (a) and (b) are \(14.9\;{\rm{kg}} \cdot {{\rm{m}}^{\rm{2}}}{\rm{/s}}\) and \( - 2.48\;{\rm{N}} \cdot {\rm{m}}\), respectively.

Step by step solution

01

Given data

The mass of the wheel is\(m = 2.8\;{\rm{kg}}\).

The radius of the wheel is\(r = 28\;{\rm{cm}}\).

The number of turns is\(\omega = 1300\;{\rm{rpm}}\).

The time is \(t = 6\;{\rm{s}}\).

02

Understanding torque and momentum

The torque applied to a particular system is equivalent to the change in angular momentum in a unit of time. The final momentum in this condition will be equal to zero.

03

Determine the angular momentum of the wheel

The relation of angular momentum can be written as:

\(\begin{aligned}{l}L &= I\omega \\L &= \left( {\frac{1}{2}m{r^2}} \right)\omega \end{aligned}\)

Here, Iis the moment of inertia.

On plugging the values in the above relation, you get:

\(\begin{aligned}{l}L &= \frac{1}{2}\left( {2.8\;{\rm{kg}} \times {{\left( {28\;{\rm{cm}} \times \frac{{1\;{\rm{m}}}}{{100\;{\rm{cm}}}}} \right)}^2}} \right)\left( {1300\;{\rm{rpm}} \times \frac{{2\pi \;{\rm{rad}}}}{{1\;{\rm{rev}}}} \times \frac{{1\;{\rm{min}}}}{{60\;{\rm{s}}}}} \right)\\L &= 14.9\;{\rm{kg}} \cdot {{\rm{m}}^{\rm{2}}}{\rm{/s}}\end{aligned}\)

Thus, \(L = 14.9\;{\rm{kg}} \cdot {{\rm{m}}^{\rm{2}}}{\rm{/s}}\) is the required angular momentum.

04

Determine the torque applied on the wheel

The relation of angular momentum can be written as:

\(\tau = \frac{{L' - L}}{t}\)

Here, \(L'\)is the final angular momentum, whose value is zero.

On plugging the values in the above relation, you get:

\(\begin{aligned}{l}\tau &= \left( {\frac{{0 - 14.9\;{\rm{kg}} \cdot {{\rm{m}}^{\rm{2}}}{\rm{/s}}}}{{6\;{\rm{s}}}}} \right)\\\tau &= - 2.48\;{\rm{N}} \cdot {\rm{m}}\end{aligned}\)

Thus, \(\tau = - 2.48\;{\rm{N}} \cdot {\rm{m}}\) is the required torque.

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FIGURE 8-39

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