Question:A standard cylinder of oxygen used in a hospital has gauge pressure =\(2000\;{\rm{psi}}\)(13,800 kPa) and volume 14 L\(\left( {0.014\;{{\rm{m}}^3}} \right)\)at\(T = 295\;{\rm{K}}\). How long will the cylinder last if the flow rate, measured at atmospheric pressure, is constant at\(2.1\;{\rm{L/min}}\)?.

Short Answer

Expert verified

The cylinder will last for \(908.08\;{\rm{min}}\).

Step by step solution

01

Given data

The temperature is\(T = 295\;{\rm{K}}\(.

The gauge pressure is \(P = 13800\;{\rm{kPa}}\).

The volume is \(V = 0.014\;{{\rm{m}}^3}\).

The atmospheric pressure is \({P_{\rm{a}}} = 1\;{\rm{atm}}\).

The flow rate is \(c = 2.1\;{\rm{L/min}}\).

02

Understanding the volume occupied by the oxygen gas

In this problem, first, calculate the volume occupied at atmospheric pressure as the oxygen pressure drops. Consider that the final pressure inside the cylinder is the atmospheric pressure.

03

Calculation of the volume occupied

The relation from the ideal gas law can be written as:

\(\begin{aligned}{c}PV &= P'V'\\V' &= \left( {\frac{{PV}}{{{P_{\rm{a}}}}}} \right)\end{aligned}\(

Here,\(V'\(is the volume at atmospheric pressure.

On plugging the values in the above relation, you get:

\(\begin{aligned}{l}V' &= \left( {\frac{{\left( {13800 \times {{10}^3}\;{\rm{Pa}} + 1.013 \times {{10}^5}\;{\rm{Pa}}} \right)}}{{\left( {1\;{\rm{atm}} \times \frac{{1.013 \times {{10}^5}\;{\rm{Pa}}}}{{1\;{\rm{atm}}}}} \right)}}} \right(\left( {0.014\;{{\rm{m}}^3}} \right)\\V' &= \left( {1.921\;{{\rm{m}}^3} \times \frac{{1000\;{\rm{L}}}}{{1\;{{\rm{m}}^3}}}} \right)\\V' &= 1921\;{\rm{L}}\end{aligned}\(

04

Calculation of the time taken by the cylinder

Since 14 L of gas is not available because it is left in the container, the total available volume is:

\(\begin{aligned}{l}{V_0} &= V' - V\\{V_0} &= 1921\;{\rm{L}} - 14\;{\rm{L}}\\{V_0} &= 1907\;{\rm{L}}\end{aligned}\)

The relation to find the time can be written as:

\(\begin{aligned}{l}t &= \frac{{{V_0}}}{c}\\t &= \left( {1907\;{\rm{L}}} \right)\left( {\frac{{1\;{\rm{min}}}}{{2.1\;{\rm{L}}}}} \right)\\t &= 908.08\;{\rm{min}}\end{aligned}\)

Thus, \(t = 908.08\;{\rm{min}}\) is the required time.

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