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Chapter 15: 17Q (page 412)

Question: Which do you think has the greater entropy, 1 kg of solid iron or 1 kg of liquid iron? Why?

Short Answer

Expert verified

The entropy of the one kg liquid iron is greater than the entropy of the one kg solid iron.

Step by step solution

01

Meaning of entropy

The term entropy may be defined as the characteristic of a system that estimates the system's degree of disorder. It is considered as the state function.

02

Entropy of a liquid and solid substance 

The order of composition of molecules in liquid iron is weaker than the order of solid iron. Hence, the molecules have higher kinetic energy in liquid iron than solid iron and possess more thermal energy. Thus, the entropy of liquid iron is greater than solid iron.

To melt the solid iron, we must provide heat energy. The provision of heat enhances the kinetic energy of molecules and hence improves their entropy.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

If \({\bf{1}}{\bf{.00}}\;{{\bf{m}}{\bf{3}}}\) of water at 0°C is frozen and cooled to \( - {\bf{8}}{\bf{.}}{{\bf{0}}{\bf{o}}}{\bf{C}}\) by being in contact with a great deal of ice at \( - {\bf{8}}{\bf{.}}{{\bf{0}}{\bf{o}}}{\bf{C}}\) estimate the total change in entropy of the process.

Question: (II) A 1.0-L volume of air initially at 3.5 atm of (gauge) pressure is allowed to expand isothermally until the pressure is 1.0 atm. It is then compressed at constant pressure to its initial volume, and lastly is brought back to its original pressure by heating at constant volume. Draw the process on a PV diagram, including numbers and labels for the axes.

A “Carnot” refrigerator (the reverse of a Carnot engine) absorbs heat from the freezer compartment at a temperature of -17°C and exhausts it into the room at 25°C.

(a) How much work would the refrigerator do to change 0.65 kg of water at 25°C into ice at -17°C.

(b) If the compressor output is 105 W and runs 25% of the time, how long will this take?

Question: (I) Calculate the average metabolic rate of a 65-kg person who sleeps 8.0 h, sits at a desk 6.0 h, engages in light activity 6.0 h, watches TV 2.0 h, plays tennis 1.5 h, and runs 0.50 h daily.

Explain why the temperature of a gas increases when it is compressed adiabatically.
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