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Chapter 27: Problem 10

Is it possible for a single hydrogen atom, with a positively charged proton and a negatively charged electron, to be created as a virtual pair? Why or why not?

Short Answer

Expert verified
No, it is not possible for a hydrogen atom to be created as a virtual pair because the proton and electron have far different masses, contradicting the central requirement for virtual pair creation.

Step by step solution

01

Principle of Virtual Pair Creation

In quantum physics, empty space is not truly 'empty', but filled with virtual pairs of particles and their antiparticles popping in and out of existence. This phenomenon is due to the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle, which allows temporary violations of energy conservation. However, these virtual pairs must have the same mass and opposite charges.
02

Proton-Electron Mass and Charge

A proton and an electron do have opposite charges: the proton is positively charged, and the electron is negatively charged. However, their masses are differing significantly. The mass of a proton is approximately 1836 times heavier than the mass of an electron.
03

Conclusion

According to the principles of quantum physics, a hydrogen atom cannot be created as a virtual pair because the particles, proton and electron, do not have equal mass. The overwhelming difference in their masses violates the requirements for virtual pair creation. Thus, a hydrogen atom cannot be spontaneously created as a virtual pair and instantly annihilate itself.

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