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Chapter 18: Problem 4

Which surface should you set a pot on to keep it hotter for a longer time? a) a smooth glass surface b) a smooth steel surface c) a smooth wood surface d) a rough wood surface

Short Answer

Expert verified
Answer: c) a smooth wood surface

Step by step solution

01

Understand the options and their characteristics

We need to determine which surface would keep the pot hotter for a longer time. For this, we need to compare: a) a smooth glass surface b) a smooth steel surface c) a smooth wood surface d) a rough wood surface We should analyze each material's thermal conductivity and the effect of roughness on heat transfer.
02

Compare material's thermal conductivity

We need to compare the thermal conductivity of each material. Generally speaking: - Glass has a relatively low thermal conductivity. - Steel has a high thermal conductivity. - Wood has a relatively low thermal conductivity. Since we want to keep the pot hotter for a longer time, we should choose a surface with a lower thermal conductivity, such as glass or wood.
03

Consider roughness on heat transfer

We need to consider how the roughness of the surface affects heat transfer. Rough surfaces have more contact points with the pot, which increases the rate of heat transfer from the pot to the surface. Since we want to minimize heat loss, we should choose a smooth surface.
04

Combine material and roughness factors

Now we'll combine the effects of material and roughness, which gives us two options: a) a smooth glass surface (low thermal conductivity and smooth) c) a smooth wood surface (low thermal conductivity and smooth)
05

Choose the optimal surface

Based on the analysis, a smooth surface with low thermal conductivity should keep the pot hotter for a longer time. Out of the given options, both a smooth glass surface and a smooth wood surface exhibit these characteristics. However, wood is a better insulator than glass, so it would be more effective in minimizing heat loss from the pot. So the correct choice is: c) a smooth wood surface.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

A 1.19-kg aluminum pot contains 2.31 L of water. Both pot and water are initially at \(19.7^{\circ} \mathrm{C} .\) How much heat must flow into the pot and the water to bring their temperature up to \(95.0^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) ? Assume that the effect of water evaporation during the heating process can be neglected and that the temperature remains uniform throughout the pot and the water.

A cryogenic storage container holds liquid helium, which boils at \(4.2 \mathrm{~K}\). Suppose a student painted the outer shell of the container black, turning it into a pseudoblackbody, and that the shell has an effective area of \(0.50 \mathrm{~m}^{2}\) and is at \(3.0 \cdot 10^{2} \mathrm{~K}\). a) Determine the rate of heat loss due to radiation. b) What is the rate at which the volume of the liquid helium in the container decreases as a result of boiling off? The latent heat of vaporization of liquid helium is \(20.9 \mathrm{~kJ} / \mathrm{kg} .\) The density of liquid helium is \(0.125 \mathrm{~kg} / \mathrm{L}\).

Assuming the severity of a burn increases as the amount of energy put into the skin increases, which of the following would cause the most severe burn (assume equal masses)? a) water at \(90^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) b) copper at \(110^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) c) steam at \(180^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) d) aluminum at \(100^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) e) lead at \(100^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\)

The latent heat of vaporization of liquid nitrogen is about \(200 . \mathrm{kJ} / \mathrm{kg} .\) Suppose you have \(1.00 \mathrm{~kg}\) of liquid nitrogen boiling at \(77.0 \mathrm{~K}\). If you supply heat at a constant rate of \(10.0 \mathrm{~W}\) via an electric heater immersed in the liquid nitrogen, how long will it take to vaporize all of it? What is the time for \(1.00 \mathrm{~kg}\) of liquid helium, whose heat of vaporization is \(20.9 \mathrm{~kJ} / \mathrm{kg}\) ?

Arthur Clarke wrote an interesting short story called "A Slight Case of Sunstroke." Disgruntled football fans came to the stadium one day equipped with mirrors and were ready to barbecue the referee if he favored one team over the other. Imagine the referee to be a cylinder filled with water of mass \(60.0 \mathrm{~kg}\) at \(35.0^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\). Also imagine that this cylinder absorbs all the light reflected on it from 50,000 mirrors. If the heat capacity of water is \(4.20 \cdot 10^{3} \mathrm{~J} /\left(\mathrm{kg}^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\right),\) how long will it take to raise the temperature of the water to \(100 .{ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) ? Assume that the Sun gives out \(1.00 \cdot 10^{3} \mathrm{~W} / \mathrm{m}^{2},\) the dimensions of each mirror are \(25.0 \mathrm{~cm}\) by \(25.0 \mathrm{~cm},\) and the mirrors are held at an angle of \(45.0^{\circ}\)
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