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Chapter 21: Problem 1

When a metal plate is given a positive charge, which of the following is taking place? a) Protons (positive charges) are transferred to the plate from another object. b) Electrons (negative charges) are transferred from the plate to another object. c) Electrons (negative charges) are transferred from the plate to another object, and protons (positive charges) are also transferred to the plate from another object. d) It depends on whether the object conveying the charge is a conductor or an insulator.

Short Answer

Expert verified
a) Protons are transferred to the plate from another object. b) Electrons are transferred from the plate to another object. c) Both protons are transferred to the plate, and electrons are transferred away from it. d) The process depends on the conductor or insulator conveying the charge to the metal plate. Answer: b) Electrons are transferred from the plate to another object.

Step by step solution

01

Identify the facts and rules

When it comes to the transfer of charges in metal objects, we need to remember these basic facts: 1) Protons are positively charged, and their movement in solids, such as metals, is very limited. 2) Electrons are negatively charged, and they can easily move within metal objects. 3) In a neutral object, the number of protons and electrons is equal, so the charges cancel each other out. 4) A positive charge on an object can only be achieved by having a surplus of protons or by losing electrons.
02

Consider option a

Option a says that protons are transferred to the plate from another object. However, we know that protons have very limited movement in solids and cannot easily be transferred, especially in metals. Therefore, option a is not correct.
03

Consider option b

Option b states that electrons are transferred from the plate to another object. This would result in a loss of electrons in the metal plate, leading to an overall positive charge. As electrons are mobile within metals, this situation is possible. So, option b seems to be correct.
04

Consider option c

Option c suggests that both protons are transferred to the plate, and electrons are transferred away from it. Although the transfer of electrons from the plate is possible, the transfer of protons is not, as we established before. Therefore, option c is not correct.
05

Consider option d

Option d implies that the process depends on the conductor or insulator conveying the charge to the metal plate. However, in all cases, protons do not easily move in metals, while electrons can be transferred. So, option d is not correct.
06

Conclusion

Since the only option that corresponds to the behavior of protons and electrons in metals is option b (Electrons are transferred from the plate to another object), this is the correct answer. When a metal plate is given a positive charge, electrons are transferred away from the plate, leading to an overall positive charge due to the surplus of protons.

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