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Chapter 1: Q10 DQ (page 389)
Which has a greater buoyant force on it: apiece of wood floating with part of its volume above water or a piece of submerged iron? Or, must you know their masses before you can answer? Explain.
The iron piece will have the greater buoyant force.
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Question: How many nanoseconds does it take light to travel 1.00 ft in vacuum? (This result is a useful quantity to remember.)?
For a spherical planet with mass , volume , and radius ,derive an expression for the acceleration due to gravity at the planet’s surface, , in terms of the average density of the planet, , and the planet’s diameter, . The table gives the values of and for the eight major planets:
(a) Treat the planets as spheres. Your equation for as a function of
and
shows that if the average density of the planets is constant, a graph of
versus
will be well represented by a straight line. Graph
as a function of
for the eight major planets. What does the graph tell you about the variation in average density? (b) Calculate the average density for each major planet. List the planets in order of decreasing density, and give the calculated average density of each. (c) The earth is not a uniform sphere and has greater density near its center. It is reasonable to assume this might be true for the other planets. Discuss the effect this nonuniformity has on your analysis. (d) If Saturn had the same average density as the earth, what would be the value of
at Saturn’s surface?
A juggler throws a bowling pin straight up with an initialspeed of 8.20 m/s. How much time elapses until the bowling pinreturns to the juggler’s hand?
Starting with the definition 1 in. = 2.54 cm, find the number of (a) kilometers in 1.00 mile and (b) feet in 1.00 km.
Calculate the earth’s gravity force on a 75-kg astronaut who is repairing the Hubble Space Telescope 600 km above the earth’s surface, and then compare this value with his weight at the earth’s surface. In view of your result, explain why it is said that astronauts are weightless when they orbit the earth in a satellite such as a space shuttle. Is it because the gravitational pull of the earth is negligibly small?
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