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Chapter 1: Q13DQ (page 228)
When people are cold, they often rub their hands together to warm up. How does doing this produce heat? Where does the heat come from?
Heat gets produced because of the kinetic friction. The heat is produced as the kinetic energy of the hand is dissipated due to friction.
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For a spherical planet with mass , volume , and radius ,derive an expression for the acceleration due to gravity at the planet’s surface, , in terms of the average density of the planet, , and the planet’s diameter, . The table gives the values of and for the eight major planets:
(a) Treat the planets as spheres. Your equation for as a function of
and
shows that if the average density of the planets is constant, a graph of
versus
will be well represented by a straight line. Graph
as a function of
for the eight major planets. What does the graph tell you about the variation in average density? (b) Calculate the average density for each major planet. List the planets in order of decreasing density, and give the calculated average density of each. (c) The earth is not a uniform sphere and has greater density near its center. It is reasonable to assume this might be true for the other planets. Discuss the effect this nonuniformity has on your analysis. (d) If Saturn had the same average density as the earth, what would be the value of
at Saturn’s surface?
Planet Vulcan.Suppose that a planet were discovered between the sun and Mercury, with a circular orbit of radius equal to of the average orbit radius of Mercury. What would be the orbital period of such a planet? (Such a planet was once postulated, in part to explain the precession of Mercury’s orbit. It was even given the name Vulcan, although we now have no evidence that it actually exists. Mercury’s precession has been explained by general relativity.)
Question: The purity of gold can be tested by weighing it in air and in water. How? Do you think you could get away with making a fake gold brick by gold-plating some cheaper material?
The most powerful engine available for the classic 1963 Chevrolet Corvette Sting Ray developed 360 horsepower and had a displacement of 327 cubic inches. Express this displacement in liters (L) by using only the conversions 1 L = 1000 cm3 and 1 in. = 2.54 cm.
Question-. (a) Does it make sense to say that a vector is negative? Why? (b) Does it make sense to say that one vector is the negative of another? Why? Does your answer here contradict what you said in part (a)?
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