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Chapter 1: Q92PP (page 397)

If the elephant were to snorkel in salt water, which is denser than freshwater, would the maximum depth at which it could snorkel be different from that in freshwater? (a) Yes—that depth would increase, because the pressure would be lower at a given depth in salt water than in freshwater; (b) yes—that depth would decrease, because the pressure would be higher at a given depth in salt water than in freshwater; (c) no, because pressure differences within the submerged elephant depend on only the density of air, not the density of the water; (d) no, because the buoyant force on the elephant would be the same in both cases.

Short Answer

Expert verified

Maximum depth at which elephant could snorkel will decrease because of the pressure would be higher at a given depth in salt water than in freshwater.

Step by step solution

01

Identification of given data

Elephant is snorkel in salt water.

Salt water is denser than freshwater.

02

Concept of density

The mass of a fluid distributed across an infinitesimally small area is what is meant by its density.

The gauge pressure is determined by the density of fluid.

pg=ρgh………….. (i)

03

Determine maximum depth in salt water

From equation (i), we can say that higher the density of the liquid, the greater the pressure. At the same depth, the gauge pressure will be higher in salt water than that in fresh water because salt water is denser. So the greatest depth in freshwater would be greater than in saltwater.

Thus, even if density of seawater 1030kg/m3is somewhat higher than that of freshwater 1000kg/m3, the pressure in saltwater would be higher than that in freshwater.

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