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Chapter 3: Q13DQ (page 609)

The kinetic-molecular model contains a hidden assumption about the temperature of the container walls. What is this assumption? What would happen if this assumption were not valid?

Short Answer

Expert verified

The assumption is that the walls are at the same temperature as the gas. If the assumption is not there then there will be a gain or loss the energy by the gas molecules, when they collide with the walls.

Step by step solution

01

About Kinetic Molecular Theory  

According to Kinetic Molecular Theory, an ideal gas is the one whose particles are constantly in motion and experience perfectly elastic collisions, with the wall and other molecules, and doesn’t have any intermolecular force between them.

02

Determine the assumption of Kinetic Molecular Theory  

The assumption of elastic collision with the walls is equivalent to assuming that the walls are at the sametemperatureas the gas. If the walls are hotter and colder than the gas, the gas atom will gain or lose energy when they collide with the walls.

Therefore, the hidden assumption is that walls are at the same temperature as the gas. If the assumption is not there then there will be a gain or loss of the energy by the gas molecules, when they collide with the walls.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Imagine a special air filter placed in a window of a house. The tiny holes in the filter allow only air molecules moving faster than a certain speed to exit the house, and allow only air molecules moving slower than that speed to enter the house from outside. What effect would this filter have on the temperature inside the house? (It turns out that the second law of thermodynamics—which we will discuss in Chapter 20—tells us that such a wonderful air filter would be impossible to make.)

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(a) 370 times; (b) 19 times;

(c) 6 times; (d) no greater—the He leakage rate is the same as for Xe.

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The gas inside a balloon will always have a pressure nearly equal to atmospheric pressure since that is the pressure applied to the outside of the balloon. You fill a balloon with helium (a nearly ideal gas) to a volume of 0.600 L at 19.0°C. What is the volume of the balloon if you cool it to the boiling point of liquid nitrogen (77.3 K)?

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