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Chapter 3: Q9DQ (page 573)
A student asserts that a suitable unit for specific heat is . Is she correct? Why or why not?
The student asserts that a suitable unit for specific heat is . She is correct.
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SID: 973610-18-20DQ
The temperature of an ideal monatomic gas is increased from 25°C to 50°C. Does the average translational kinetic energy of each gas atom double? Explain. If your answer is no, what would the final temperature be if the average translational kinetic energy was doubled?
The dark areas on the moon’s surface are called maria, Latin for “seas,” and were once thought to be bodies of water. In fact, the maria are not “seas” at all, but plains of solidified lava. Given that there is no atmosphere on the moon, how can you explain the absence of liquid water on the moon’s surface?
A copper cylinder is initially at 20.0ºC. At what temperature will its volume be 0.150% larger than it is at 20.0ºC?
The efficiency of heat engines is high when the temperature difference between the hot and cold reservoirs is large. Refrigerators, on the other hand, work better when the temperature difference is small. Thinking of the mechanical refrigeration cycle shown in Fig. 20.9, explain in physical terms why it takes less work to remove heat from the working substance if the two reservoirs (the inside of the refrigerator and the outside air) are at nearly the same temperature, than if the outside air is much warmer than the interior of the refrigerator.
In Example 20.4, a Carnot refrigerator requires a work input of only 230 Jto extract 346Jof heat from the cold reservoir. Doesn’t this discrepancy imply a violation of the law of conservation of energy? Explain why or why not.
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